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Neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of mivacurium chloride in surgical patients receiving nitrous oxide-narcotic or nitrous oxide-isoflurane anaesthesia

Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia volume 36, pages 641–650 (1989)Cite this article

Abstract

The neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of mivacurium chloride were studied during nitrous oxide-oxygen narcotic (fentanyl) (n = 90) and nitrous oxide-oxygen isoflurane (ISO) anaesthesia (n = 45). In addition, a separate group (n = 9) received succinylcholine during fentanyl anaesthesia to compare its neuromuscular effects with mivacurium. Mivacurium was initially administered as a single bolus in doses from 0.03 mg · kg−1 to 0.25 mg · kg−1 to study the dose-response relationships, as well as the cardiovascular effects of mivacurium. Neuromuscular block (NMB) was measured by recording the twitch response of the adductor pollicis muscle following ulnar nerve stimulation (0.15 Hz, 0.2 ms supramaximal voltage). The ED95 values for mivacurium were estimated to be 0.073 mg · kg−1 and 0.053 mg · kg−1 in the fentanyl and ISO groups respectively. The duration of block (time from injection to 95 per cent recovery) for a dose of 0.05 mg · kg− 1 mivacurium was 15.3 ± 1.0 min and 21.5 ± 1.3 min for fentanyl and ISO anaesthesia, respectively. The recovery index (25–75 per cent) between initial bolus dose (6.1 ± 0.5 min), repeat bolus doses (7.6 ± 0.6 min), mivacurium infusion (6.7 ± 0.7 min) and succinylcholine infusion (6.8 ± 1.8 min) were not significantly different. There was minimal change in mean arterial pressure (MAP) or heart rate (HR) following bolus doses of mivacurium up to 0.15 mg · kg−1. Bolus administration of 0.20 mg · kg−1 or 0.25 mg · kg−1 of mivacurium decreased MAP from 78.2 ± 2.5 to 64.0 ± 3.2 mmHg (range 12–59 per cent of control) (P < 0.05). The same doses when administered slowly over 30 sec produced minimal change in MAP or HR.

Résumé

Les effets cardiovasculaires et neuromusculaires du chlorure de mivacurium ont été étudiés lors d’une anesthésie au narcotique (fentanyl) protoxyde d’azote-oxygène (n = 90) et isoflurane (ISO) protoxyde d’azote-oxygéne (n = 45). En plus, un groupe séparé (n = 9) a reçu du succinylcholine lors d’une anesthésie au fentanvl afin de comparer ces effets neuromusculaires avec le mivacurium. Le mivacurium a été initialement administré comme un bolus unique les doses de 0,03 mg · kg−1 et 0,25 mg · kg−1 afin d’étudier la courbe dose-réponse et les effets cardiovasculaires du mivacurium. Le bloc neuromusculaire (NMB) a été mesuré en enregistrant la réponse au twitch de l’adducteur du pouce après stimulation du nerf cubital (0.15 Hz, 0.2 ms voltage supramaximal). Les valeurs de ED95 du mivacurium ont été estimées à 0,073 mg ·kg−1 et 0,053 mg · kg−1 respectivement pour le groupe fentanyl et ISO. La durée du bloc (temps à partir de l’injection à la recouvrance à 95 pour cent) pour une dose de 0,05 mg · kg−1’ de mivacurium était de 15,3 ± 1,0 min. et 21,5 ± 1,3 min. respectivement pour le groupe fentanyl et le groupe ISO. L’index de recouvrance (25–75 pour cent) entre le bolus initial (6,1 ± 0,7 min) la dose de rajout (7,6 ± 0,6 min) et la perfusion de mivacurium (6,7 ± 0,7 min) et la perfusion de succinycholine (6,8 ± 1,8 min) n’était pas significativement différent. On a observé des changements minimes dans la pression artérielle moyenne (MAP) ou la fréquence cardiaque (HR) après le bolus de mivacurium jusqu’à 0,15 mg · kg−1. Une administration en bolus de 0,20 mg · kg−1 ou 0,25 mg · kg−1 de mivacurium a diminué la pression artérielle moyenne de 78,2 ± 2,5 à 64.0 1 3,2 mmHg (écart de 12–59 pour cent du contrôle) (P < 0.05). Les mêmes doses lorsque administrées lentement au-dessus de 30 secondes ont produit des changements minimes de la pression artérielle moyenne et de la fréquence cardiaque.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa College of Medicine, 52242, Iowa City, IA

    Won W. Choi, Mahesh P. Mehta, David J. Murray, Martin D. Sokoll, Robert B. Forbes, Samir D. Gergis, Martha Abou-Donia & Jerry Kirchner

  2. Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle Park, NC

    Won W. Choi, Mahesh P. Mehta, David J. Murray, Martin D. Sokoll, Robert B. Forbes, Samir D. Gergis, Martha Abou-Donia & Jerry Kirchner

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  1. Won W. Choi
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  2. Mahesh P. Mehta
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Choi, W.W., Mehta, M.P., Murray, D.J. et al. Neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of mivacurium chloride in surgical patients receiving nitrous oxide-narcotic or nitrous oxide-isoflurane anaesthesia. Can J Anaesth 36, 641–650 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03005415

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03005415

Key words

  • anaesthetic techniques: balanced
  • anaesthetics, intravenous: fentanyl
  • anaesthetics, volatile: isoflurane
  • neuromuscular relaxants: mivacurium, succinylcholine
  • pharmacology: dose-response