Seven Yorkshire swine, ages 7–11 days and weighing 1.4–2.8 kg were studied to determine the effects of temperature and volume of injectate, depth of anaesthesia, position of the central venous catheter tip and vagotomy on the R-R interval after central venous injection of saline. The swine were anaesthetized with halothane in 100 per cent oxygen and their lungs ventilated to normocapnia. The length of the R-R varied inversely with the temperature of the injectate between 0 and 20° C reaching a maximum prolongation of 152 per cent above control values with 0° C saline. Injecting saline at 37° C did not affect the R-R interval. The length of the R-R interval varied directly with the volume of injectate between 1.5 and 4.5 ml· kg−1 (P < 0.05), The R-R interval response also varied directly with the depth of anaesthesia: the post-injection R-R interval increased from 185 per cent to 341 per cent as the end-tidal halothane concentration increased from 0.45 to 1.20 per cent. The position of the tip of the central venous catheter that produced the maximum increase in the R-R interval, as determined radiographically, was at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium. Neither bilateral vagotomy nor atropine (50 μg · kg−1) affected the R-R interval after injecting 3 ml · kg−1 saline 0° C. We conclude that the increases in R-R interval after injection of fluid into the right atrium are due to direct effects on the nerve conduction system of the heart, possibly on the sinoatrial node.