Résumé
Le kyste pilonidal (pilus = poil, nidus = nid), est la cause la plus fréquente de suppuration au niveau de la région sacro-coccygienne. Il est presque toujours localisé en position médiane, contient des poils et ne communique pas avec le canal anal. Sa prévalence dominante est masculine (3:1) avec un taux d’incidence maximal situé entre 19 et 25 ans. Chez la femme, le pic d’incidence survient à un plus jeune âge. Cette maladie fut autrefois appelée «maladie de la Jeep» en raison de son extrême fréquence chez les militaires américains astreints à utiliser ce type de véhicule au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
Summary
The pilonidal cyst (pilus = hair, nidus = nest) is the most frequent cause of suppuration in the sacrococcygeal region. It is a localized median lesion containing hairs without any relationship with the anal canal. It is prevalent in males (3:1) with a maximal incidence between the ages of 19 and 25. In the females its peak of incidence occurs at an earlier age. This disease has been referred to as «jeep disease», due to its extremely high incidence encountered amongst those U.S. military personnel who were assigned to this type of vehicle during the second world war.
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Dodi, G. Kystes et sinus sacrococcygiens pilonidaux. Acta Endosc 34, 341–345 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03004263
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03004263