Résumé
L’échoendoscopie (EE) constitue un outil indispensable pour le bilan d’extension des néoplasies gastro-intestinales et pulmonaires. L’étude du parenchyme hépatique peut modifier la prise charge thérapeutique par la découverte de lésions infracentimétriques non visualisées sur les examens radiologiques standards. Si le diagnostic de telles lésions implique une modification thérapeutique, une confirmation histologique est alors strictement nécessaire par la réalisation d’une ponction échoguidée. L’opportunité d’analyser de façon très précise la partie postérieure du lobe gauche ainsi que le hile hépatique permet la réalisation de prélèvements de tumeurs hépatiques primitives ou secondaires d’abord transcutané difficile, avec une morbidité faible. Certains auteurs ont évoqué la possibilité de réaliser des biopsies hépatiques sous EE en cas de contre-indication à la ponction percutanée (ascite, troubles de l’hémostase). Ceci doit être évalué sur des effectifs plus importants.
Summary
Endosonography (EUS) constitutes an essential tool for the staging of gastrointestinal and pulmonary cancers. The study of the hepatic parenchyma can modify the therapeutic strategy by the diagnosis of infracentimetric lesions not visualized on the radiological examinations. If the diagnosis of such lesions implies a modification of the treatment, a histological confirmation is then strictly necessary by the realization of biopsy realized under endosonographic examination (EUS FNA). Precise examination of the left lobe as well as the hepatic hilum by EUS allows to biopsy primitive or secondary liver tumours with a low morbidity when the percutaneous approach is difficult. Moreover, for some authors, the realization of EUS-FNA is useful in the event of contraindication for the percutaneous route (ascitis, coagulopathy), but this indication has to be confirmed by further clinical studies.
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Bories, E., Pesenti, C., Monges, G. et al. Indications de la biopsie guidée par échoendoscopie dans les pathologies hépatiques. Acta Endosc 35, 35–39 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03002645
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03002645