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Chromosome length: A differentiation parameter in the genus Artemia

Eteroploidia e diploidia nelle Artemie bisessuate viventi nelle saline di St. Antioco e Carlo Forte (Sardegna)

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Abstract

The length of the prophasic chromosomes of several karyotypes of the genusArtemia (Branchiopoda Anostraca) was measured, and the sum and the average chromosome length were calculated, in the mitoses of the nauplius. The values of the length sum in the bisexual speciesA. franciscana (42 chrom.),A. salina (42 chrom.) andA. persimilis (44 chrom.) are not in accordance with the chromosome number. The average chromosome length is significantly higher inA. franciscana. The values of the chromosome length sum are also in agreement with the chromosome number in the parthenogenetic forms,i.e. lower in the diploid, intermediate in the triploid (63 chrom.) and higher in the tetraploid (84) populations. Heterogeneity for both parameters was found within the three ploidy degrees, giving new informations on the differentiation of the parthenogenetic forms. The differences within the same ploidy can be explained as chromosome mutations and as different spiralization and packing intensity of the chromosomal filament Different chromosome numbers ofArtemia living in the same population (A. salina at St. Antioco, Sardinia with 42 and 44 chromosomes, diploid and tetraploid parthenogenetic females at Margherita di Savoia, Italy) do not influence the length of the average chromosome.

Riassunto

Fu misurata la somma delle lunghezze dei cromosomi e la lunghezza del cromosoma medio di diversi cariotipi del genereArtemia (Branchiopodi Anostraci) in cellule di nauplius. I valori delle somme delle lunghezze dei cromosomi nelle tre specieA. franciscana (42 cromosomi),A. salina (42 cromosomi) eA. persimilis (44 cromosomi) non corrispondono al numero cromosomico, mentre la lunghezza del cromosoma medio è significativamente maggiore inA. franciscana. Analoga corrispondenza fra somma e numero cromosomico si è riscontrata fra Artemie partenogenetiche con 42, 63 e 84 cromosomi. Differenze significative furono anche trovate entro lo stesso grado di ploidia. La lunghezza del cromosoma medio non differisce fra diploidi e tetraploidi di Margherita di Savoia e diploidi ed eteroploidi (42 e 44 cromosomi) nella popolazione bisessuata di St. Antioco appartenente alla specieA. salina.

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Nella seduta del 21 aprile 1990.

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Baratelli, L., Barigozzi, C. & Bullini, L. Chromosome length: A differentiation parameter in the genus Artemia. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 1, 459–464 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03001781

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03001781

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