Abstract
Isolated chondrocytes from mouse ribs have been put in culture and maintained for several weeks, till confluence. They retain differentiation, and preliminary data of cells characterization and growth are reported. Electron microscope observations of the cellsin vitro grown are superimposable to those performed on chondrocytes derived from live animals. Mouse chondrocytes, grownin vitro, represent a promising system for the study of bone differentiation, growth and regeneration, also considering the several mutations affecting skeleton formation known in mice, like cn/cn (achondroplasia).
Riassunto
Condrociti isolati da costole di topo sono stati messi in coltura e mantenuti per diverse settimane, flno al raggiungimento della confluenza. In questo lavoro sono riportati dati prelirninari sulla loro caratterizzazione, stato di differenziamento e crescita. Le osservazioni al microscopio elettronico delle cellule cresciutein vitro sono sovrapponibili a quelle mostrate dai condrocitiin vivo. Le colture di condrociti di topo rappresentano un metodo utile per lo studio della diffèrenziazione, crescita e rigenerazione dell’osso, anche considerando le numerose mutazioni presenti nel topo che interessano la formazione dello scheletro, quali 1’acondroplasia (cn/cn).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Abbott -H. Holtzer,The loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cells. III. The reversible behavior of chondrocytes in primary cultures. J. Cell Biol., 28, 1966, 473–487.
J. Abbott -H. Holtzer,The loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cells. V. The effect of 5-bromodeoxyuridine on cloned chondrocytes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 59, 1968, 1144–1151.
B. V. Oakes -C. J. Handley -F. Lisner -D. A. Lowther,An ultrastructural and biochemical study of high density primary cultures of embryonic chick chondrocytes. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 38, 1977, 239–263.
B. M. Vertel -A. Dorfman,An immunohistochemical study of extracellular matrix formation during chondrogenesis. Dev. Biol., 62, 1978, 1–12.
B. M. Vertel -A. Dorfman,Simultaneous localization of type II collagen and core protein sulfate proteoglycan in individual chondrocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76, 1979, 1261–1264.
P. D. Benya -J. D. Shaffer,De-differentiated chondrocytes reexpress the differentiated collagen when cultured in agarose gels. Cell, 30, 1982, 215–224.
K. von der Mark,Differentiation, modulation and de-differentiation of chondrocytes. Rheumatology, 10, 1986, 272–315.
N. C. Zanettt -M. Solursh,Effect of cell shape on cartilage differentiation. In:W. D. Stain -F. Bonner (eds.),Cell Shape: Determinants, Regulation, and Regulatory role. Academic Press, New York 1989, 291–337.
G. J. Gibson -S. L. Schor -M. E. Grant,Effects of matrix macromolecules on chondrocyte gene expression: synthesis of a low molecular weight collagen species by cells cultured within collagen gel. J. Cell. Biol., 93, 1982, 767–774.
T. M. Schmld -M. E. Conrad,A inique low molecular weight collagen secreted by cultured chick embryo chondrocytes. J. Biol. Chem., 257, 1982, 12444–12450.
O. Capasso -G. Tajana -R. Cancedda,Location of 64K collagen producer chondrocytes in developing chick embryo tibiae. Mol. Cell. Biol., 10, 1984, 1163–1168.
T. M. Schmid -T. F. Linsenmayer,Immunohistochemical localization of short chain cartilage collagen (typo X) in avian tissues. J. Cell Biol., 100, 1985, 598–605.
M. Solursch -K. Jensen -R. S. Reiter,Environmental regulation of type X collagen production by cultures of limb mesenchyme mesectoderm, and sternal chondrocytes. Dev. Biol., 117, 1986, 90–101.
R. Mayne -M. S. Vail -P. M. Mayne -E. J. Miller,Changes in the type of collagen synthesized as clones of chick chondrocytes grow and eventually lose division capacity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 73, 1976, 1674–1678.
P. D. Benya -S. R. Padilla -M. E. Nimni,Independent regulation of collagen types by chondrocytes during the loss of differentiated function in culture. Cell, 15, 1978, 1313–1321.
A. L. HoRwrrz -A. Dorfman,The growth of cartilage cells in soft agar and liquid suspension. J. Cell. Biol., 45, 1970, 434–438.
G. J. Gibson -B. W. Beaumont -M. H. Flint,Synthesis of a low molecular weight collagen by chondrocytes from the presunptive calcification region of embryonic chick sterna: the influence of culture with collagen gels. J. Cell. Biol., 99, 1984, 208–216.
A. L. Althouse -M. Beck -E. Griffey -J. Sanford -K. Arden -M. A. Machado -W. A. Horton,Expression of the human chondrocyte phenotype in vitro. In Vitro Cell. Devel. Biol., 25, 1989, 659–668.
C. Bassleer -Ph. Gysen -J. M. Foilart -R. Bassleer -P. Franchimont,Human chondrocytes in tridimensional culture. In Vitro Cell. Devel. Biol., 22, 1986, 113–119.
P. W. Lane -M. M. Dickie,Three recessive mutations producing disproportionate dwarfing in mice: achondroplasia, brachymorph and stubby. J. Hered., 59, 1968, 300–308.
P. W. Lane,Achondroplasia (cn). Mouse News Lett., 49, 1973, 33.
B. V. Konyukhov -Y. V. Paschin,Experimental study of the achondroplasia gene effects in the mouse. Acta Biol. Acad. Sc. Hungar., 18, 1967, 285–294.
B. V. Konyukhov -Y. V. Paschin,Abnormal growth of the body, internal organs and skeleton in achondroplastic mice. Acta Biol. Acad. Sc. Hungar., 21, 1970, 347–354.
D. L. Rimoin -G. N. Hughers -R. L. Kaufman -R. E. Rosenthal -W. H. MacAllister -R. Silberberg,Endochondral ossification in achondroplastic dwarfism. New Engl. J. Med., 283, 1970, 728–735.
D. L. Rimoin -W. H. MacAllister -R. M. Saldino -J. G. Hall,Histological appearances of some types of congenital dwarfism. Progr. Pediat. Radiol., 4, 1973, 68–92,
R. Silberberg -P. Lesker,Skeletal growth and development of achondroplastic mouse. Growth, 39, 1975, 17–33.
E. Bonucci -A. Del Marco -B. Nicoletti -P. Petrinelli -L. Pozzi,Histological and histochemical investigation of achondroplastic mice: a possible model of human achondroplasia. Growth, 40, 1976, 241–251.
A. Pedrini-Mille -V. Pedrini,Studies of human iliac crest cartilage. III. Protein polysacchandes in human achondroplasia. Calcif. Tissue Res., 8, 1970, 106–113.
T. H. Shepard,Organ culture studies of achondroplastic rabbit cartilage: evidence for a metabolic defect in glucose utilization. J. Embriol. Exp. Morphol., 25, 1971, 347–363.
G. L. Bargman -B. Mackler -T. H. Shepard,Studies of oxidative energy deficiency. I. Achondroplasia in the rabbit. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 150, 1972, 137–146.
E. Bonucci -E. G. Gherardi -A. Del Marco -B. Nicoletti -P. Petriinelli,An electron microscope investigation of cartilage and bone in achondroplastic (cn/cn) mice. J. Submicr. Cytol., 9, 1977, 229–306.
A. Del Marco,Observations of growth plate development in achondroplastic (cn/cn) mice. Reprod. Nutr. Develop., 21, 1981, 1025–1031.
J. A. Maynard -E. G. Ippolito -I. V. Ponseti -M. R. Mickelson,Histo chemistry and ultrastructure of the growth plate in achondroplasia. J. Bone Joint Surg., 63., 1981, 969–979.
B. Mackler -R. Grace -K. A. Davis -T. H. Shepard -J. G. Hall,Studies of human achondroplasia: oxidative metabolism in tissue culture cells. Teratology, 33, 1986, 9–13.
B. Mackler -T. H. Shepard,Human achondroplasia: defective mitochondrial oxidative energy metabolism may produce the pathophysiology. Teratology, 40, 1989, 571–582.
F. E. Stockdale -J. Abbott -S. Holtzer -H. Holtzer,The loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cells. II. Behaviour of chondrocytes and their progeny in vitro. Develop. Biol., 7, 1963, 293–300.
H. G. Coon,Clonal stability and phenotypic expression of chick cartilage cells in vitro. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 55, 1966, 66–73.
W. K. Manning -M. Bonner,Isolation and culture of chondrocytes from human adult articular cartilage. Arthritis Reum., 10, 1967, 235–239.
R. G. Ham -G. G. Sattler,Clonal growth of differentiated rabbit cartilage cells. J. Cell. Physiol., 72, 1968, 109–114.
R. D. Cahn,Factors affecting inheritance and expression of differentiation: some methods of analysis. In:H. Ursprung (ed.),The Stability of The Differentiated State. Springer-Verlag New York inc., 1968, 58–84.
S. Chacko -J. Abbot -H. Holtzer,Loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cells. VI. Behave of the progeny of a single chondrocyte. J. Exp. Med., 130, 1969, 417–430.
J. Glowacki -E. Trepman -J. Folkman, Cell shape and phenotypie {ie17-1} in chondrocytes Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 172, 1983, 93–98.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Nella seduta del 12 giugno 1992.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Argentin, G., Cicchetti, R., Sarperi, A. et al. Mouse chondrocytes in culture: New prospects for the study of bone formation in mammals. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 4, 9–17 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03001179
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03001179