References
Innes IR, Nickerson M: Sympathomimetic drugs, in Goodman & Gillman (eds): The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1969, p 477
Barger G, Dale HH: Chemical structure and sympathomimetic action of amines. J Physiol 41:19–59, 1910
Aviado DM: Sympathomimetic Drugs. Springfield, IL, Charles C Thomas, 1970, pp 95–156
Ahlquist RP: A study of adrenotropic receptors. Am J Physiol 153:586–600, 1948
Lands AM, Arnold A, McAuliff J, et al: Differentiation of receptor systems activated by sympathomimetic amines. Nature 214:597–598, 1967
Robison GA, Butcher RW, Sutherland EW: Cyclic AMP. New York, Academic Press, 1971
Lichtenstein LM, Margolis S: Histamine release in vitro: Inhibition by catecholamines and methylxanthines. Science 151:902–903, 1968
Ahrens RC, Hendeles L, Weinberger M: Clinical pharmacology of drugs used in treatment of asthma, in Yaffe SJ (ed): Pediatric Pharmacology. New York, Grane and Stratton, 1980, pp 233–243
Farmer JB, Coleman RA: A new preparation of the isolated intact trachea of the guinea pig. J Pharm Pharmacol 22:46–50, 1970
Furehgott R: The classification of adrenoreceptors (adrenergic receptors): An evaluation from the standpoint of receptor theory, in Eichler, Farah, Herken, Welch (eds): Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology XXXIII. Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 1972, pp 282–289
Jack D, Harris DM, Middleton E Jr: Adrenergic agents, in Middleton E, Reed, Ellis (eds): Allergy: Principles and Practice. St. Louis, C.V. Mosby, 1978, pp 404–407
Jenne JW: The clinical pharmacology of albuterol. J Respir Dis, in press
Weiner N: Norephinephrine, epinephrine and sympathomimetic amines, in Gilman, Goodman, Gilman (eds): The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 6th Ed. New York, Macmillan
Jack D, Harris DM: Beta-adrenergic agents: Mode of action of beta-stimulants with special reference to their use as bronchodilators, in Middleton, Reed, Ellis (eds): Allergy: Principles and Practice. St. Louis, C.V. Mosby, 1978, pp 407–427.
Svedmyr N, Thiringer G: The effects of salbutamol and isoprenaline on beta-2 receptors in patients with chronic lung disease. Postgrad Med J Suppl 44:44–46, 1971
Minatoya H: Studies on bitolterol, di-p-toluate ester of n-tert-butylarterenol: A new long-acting bronchodilator with reduced cardiovascular effects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 205:515–527, 1978
Auner BP, Jenne JW: Desensitization of isolated human bronchial smooth muscle to beta receptor agonists. J Allergy Clin Immunol 68:51–57, 1981
Jenne JW, Chick TW, Strickland RD, Wall FJ: Subsensitivity of beta-response during therapy with long acting beta-2 preparations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 59:383–390, 1977
Heavey JE, Tattersfield AE: Beta-adrenergic responsiveness in asthmatic and atopic non-asthmatic subjects. Thorax 34:415, 1979 (Abstract)
Holgate SF, Baldwin CJ, Tattersfield AE: Beta-adrenergic agonist resistance in normal human airways. Lancet 2:375–377, 1977
Walker SR, Evans ME, Richards AJ, Paterson JW: The clinical pharmacology of oral and inhaled salbutamol. Clin Pharmacol Ther 13:861–867, 1972
Shenfield GM, Evans ME, Paterson JW: Absorption of drugs by the lung. Br J Clin Pharmacol 3:583–589, 1976
Evans ME, Walker SR, Brittain RT, Paterson JW: The metabolism of salbutamol in man. Xenobiotica 3:113–120, 1973
Jack D: Albuterol—Are improved selective ß2-stimulant bronchodilators attainable? J Respir Dis, in press
Kennedy MCS, Simpson WT: Human pharmacological and clinical studies on salbutamol: A specific beta-adrenergic bronchodilator. Br J Dis Chest 63:165–174, 1969
Thiringer G, Svedmyr N: Evaluation of skeletal muscle tremor due to bronchodilator agents. Scand J Respir Dis 56:93–102, 1978
Jenne JE, Ridley DJ, Marcucci RA, Droz WS: Tremor response to terbutaline is proportional to the basal physiological tremor. Am Rev Respir Dis 123:101 (part 2), 1981 (Abstract)
Editorial: Alveolar rapture. Lancet 2:137–138, 1978
Bierman CW, Pierson WE: Hand nebulizers and asthma therapy in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 54:668–669, 1974
Walker SR, Evans ME, Richards AJ, Paterson JW: The fate of (14C) sodium cromoglycate in man. J Pharm Pharmacol 24:525–531, 1972
Newman SP, Pavia D, Clarke SE: Improving the bronchial deposition of pressurized aerosols. Chest 80 (Suppl):909–911, 1981
Newman SP, Pavia D, Clark SW: Kinetics of the inhaled route. J Respir Dis, in press
Ruffin RE, Dolovich MB, Oldenburg FA Jr, Newhouse MT: The preferential deposition of inhaled isoproterenol and propanolol in asthmatic patients. Chest 80 (Suppl):904–907, 1981
Hiller FC, Mazumder MK, Renninger RG, Bone RC: Physical properties of therapeutic aerosols. Chest 80 (Suppl):901–903, 1981
Clarke SW, Newman SP: Differences between pressurized aerosol and stable dust particles. Chest 80 (Suppl):907–909, 1981
Garra BJ, Shapiro GG, Pierson WE, et al: A double-blind evaluation of the use of nebulized metaproterenol and isoproterenol in hospitalized asthmatic children and adolescents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 50:63–68, 1977
Kurland G, Williams J, Lewiston N: Fatal myocardial toxicity during continuous infusion intravenous isoproterenol therapy for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 63:407, 411, 1979
Lands AM, Groblewski GE, Brown TG: Comparison of the action of isoproterenol and several related compounds on blood pressure, heart and bronchioles. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 161:68, 1966
Lands AM, Brown TG: Sympathomimetic (adrenergic) stimulants, in Burger (ed): Drugs Affecting the Peripheral Nervous System, Medicinal Research Series No. 1. London, Edward Arnold, 1968
Kennedy MCS, Jackson SLO: Oral sympathomimetic amines in treatment of asthma. Br Med J 4:1506, 1963
Choc-Kang YFJ, Simpson WT, Grant IWB: Controlled comparison of the bronchodilator effects of three ß-adrenergic stimulant drugs administered by inhalation to patients with asthma. Br Med J 2:287, 1969
Galant SP, Croncy CE, Duriseti S, Strick L: The effect of metaproterenol in chronic asthmatic children receiving therapeutic doses of theophylline. J Allergy Clin Immunol 61:73–79, 1978
Rachelefsky GS, Katz RM, Mickey MR Jr, Siegel SC: Metaproterenol and theophylline in asthmatic children. Ann Allergy 45:207–212, 1980
Bargman J, Persson H, Wetterlin K: Two new groups of selective stimulants of adrenergic ß-receptors. Experientia 25:899, 1969
Dufano MJ, Glass P: The bronchodilator effects of terbutaline: Route of administration and patterns of responses. Ann Allergy 37:357–366, 1976
Williams SJ, Winner SJ, Clark TJA: Comparison of inhaled and intravenous terbutaline in acute severe asthma. Thorax 36:629–631, 1981
Weber RW, Petty WE, Nelson HS: Aerosolized terbutaline in asthmatics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 63:115–121, 1979
Shapiro GG, McPhillips JJ, Smith K, Furukawa CT, Pierson WE, Bierman CW: Effectiveness of terbutaline and theophylline alone and in combination in exercise-induced bronchospasm. Pediatrics 67:508–513, 1981
Sly RM, Badier B, Faciane J: Comparison of subcutaneous terbutaline with epinephrine in the treatment of asthma in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 59:128–135, 1977
Ritchie D, Erben A, McLennan L, Landau LI, Phelan PD: Dose of terbutaline respirator solution in children with asthma. N Z Med J 89:332, 1979
Nayler WG: Some observations on the pharmacological effects of salbutamol, with particular reference to the cardiovascular system. PostgTad Med J 47(Suppl):15, 1971
Kenndey MCS, Simpson WT: Human pharmacological and clinical studies on salbutamol: A specific ß-adrenenergjc bronchodilator. Br J Dis Chest 63:165–174, 1969
Bateman SM, Pidgeon J, Spiro SG, Johnson AJ: The metabolic effects of inhaled salbutamol. Br J Clin Pharmacol 5:127–129, 1978
Lawford P, Jones BJM, Milledge JS: Comparison of intravenous and nebulized salbutamol in initial treatment of severe asthma. Br Med J 1:84, 1978
Walton EH, Cockroft A, Griffiths T, et al: Optimal dose of salbutamol respiratory solutions: Comparison of three doses with plasma levels. Thorax 36:625–628, 1981
Johnson AJ, Spiro SG, Pidgeon J, Bateman S, Clarke SW: Intravenous infusion of salbutamol in severe acute asthma. Br Med J 1:1013–1015, 1978
Murray AB, Hardwick DE, Pirie GE, Fraser BM: The effects of pressurized isoproterenol and salbutamol in asthmatic children. Pediatrics 54:746–756, 1974
Tullar BF, Minatoya H, Lorenz RR: Esters of n-tert-butyl-arterenol. Long-acting new bronchodilators with reduced cardiac effects. J Med Chem 19:834, 1979
Webb DR, Mullarkey MF, Mingo TS: Bitolterol mesylate aerosol in chronic bronchial asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 69:115, 1982
Affermeier J, Dreyer AC, Brandt HD, Sternberg S: The ß2-selectivity of various ß-adrenergic drugs. S Afr Med J 46:5–12, 1972
McLeod J, Selman J: A comparison of berotec (T17 1154a) and salbutamol aerosols. N Z Med J 78:209–213, 1973
Himori N, Taira N: Assessment of the selectivity of OPC-20, a new ß2-adrenoceptor stimulant, by the use of the blood perfused trachea in situ and of the isolated blood-perfused papillary muscle of the dog. Br J Pharmacol 51:9–17, 1977
Koda A, Yamada T: Anti-allergic actions of procaterol, a new beta2 adrenergic drug. Jpn J Allergol 28:3–17, 1979
Sackner MA, Brown LK, Kim SC: Basis of an improved metered aerosol delivery system. Chest 80 (Suppl):915–918, 1981
Bierman CW: New drugs for asthma: A scientific basis for therapy. Chest 72:689–691, 1977
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bierman, C.W. Adrenergic drugs. Clin Rev Allerg 1, 87–104 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02991319
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02991319