Abstract
Pattern recognition has been used in this paper to analyze trace element levels in patients diagnosed with nasal-pharynx cancer (NPC) and in healthy control subjects. Trace elements such as Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Mg have been tested in samples of hair and whole blood. Through Mahalanobis Distance Decision analysis, we have achieved good classification effects in whole blood samples: Efficiency for distinguishing patients is 96% and that of healthy controls is 90%. Classification hair samples is inferior to whole blood: Decision accuracy for patients is 58% and healthy controls is 90%. These results are also shown in a nonlinear mapping figure. At the same time, we have also determined 5 trace element levels in 16 other cancer patients' nonneoplastic and cancerous tissue, with no significant difference between them: Decision accuracy of cancerous tissue is 63%, and in nonneoplastic tissue is 50%, hence, we cannot identify them. It can be inferred that there is no idiosyncratic change of trace elements in cancer patients' neoplastic tissue, the change of a cancerous person may occur in the whole body.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. L. Leung and Z. X. Cai,J. Radional. Nucl. Chem. Lett. 175(2), 135–153 (1993).
J. T. Tou and R. C. Gonzalez,Pattern Recognition Principles, Addison-Wesley, London (1981).
Y. Z. Liang, Z. X. Li, S. Y. Sheng, and X. L. Li,An Hue Hua Gong Supplementary Issue, P214 (1991).
E. N. Drake and P. H. H. Sky,Cancer Res. 49(15), 4210–4215 (1989).
M. Diez, M. Arroyo, F. J. Cerdar, and M. Munoz,Oncology (Basel) 46(4), 230–234 (1989).
M. Diez, F. J. Cerden, M. Arroyo, and J. L. Balibrea,Cancer 63(4), 726–730 (1989).
D. Gal, S. Lischinsky, M. Friendman, and O. Zinder,Gynecol. Oncol. 35(2), 246–250 (1989).
A. P. S. Narang and K. Singh,Trace Elem. Med. 7(3), 128–130 (1990).
C. A. Chan, J. L. Huang, T. L. Kuo, C. Y. Hsien, and S. C. Huang,J. Formosan Med. Assoc. 89(8), 677–682, 729–730 (1990).
P. L. Leung and X. L. Li,Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 39, 33–39. (1993).
R. S. Rivlin,Am. J. Med. 173(3), 489 (1983).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Leung, P.L., Li, X.L., Li, Z.X. et al. Pattern recognition analysis to the variation of nasal-pharynx cancer patients' trace element levels in samples of hair, whole blood, and tissue. Biol Trace Elem Res 42, 1–7 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990483
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990483