Skip to main content
Log in

The genusConomedusites Glaessner & Wade and the diversification of the Cnidaria

  • Published:
Paläontologische Zeitschrift Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

An examination of all specimens of the Cnidarian genusConomedusites Glaessner & Wade from the Late Precambrian Pound Quartzite of Ediacara, South Australia, leads to the conclusion that it is closely related to the Ordovician genusConchopeltis Walcott. A consideration of the Conulata to which these genera were assigned suggests that their distinctive evolutionary trend is not part of the diversification of the Scyphozoa. The Conchopeltida appear to be intermediate between the primitive Hydrozoa (from which, through a similar development of an important chitinous structure the Chondrophora evolved) and the Scyphozoa. Adaptations of the polyp and medusa forms are largely independent and in different lineages of Cnidaria either one can be more advanced;Conomedusites, Conchopeltis and the Conulariida are polyps. The Anthozoa separated in the Precambrian from their common ancestors with the Hydrozoa.

Zusammenfassung

Die Untersuchung der verfügbaren Exemplare der Cnidarier-GattungConomedusites Glaessner & Wade (Jung-Präkambrium, Pound Quarzit, Ediacara, Südaustralien) zeigte ihre nahe Verwandtschaft mit der GattungConchopeltis Walcott (Ordoviz). Betrachtungen über die Conulata, zu denen diese Gattungen gestellt werden, führen zu dem Schluß, daß sie wegen ihrer bezeichnenden Entwicklungsrichtung nicht zu den Scyphozoa gehören. Die Conchopeltida (als primitive Conulata) vermitteln zwischen den primitiven Hydrozoen (aus denen durch eine ähnliche Entwicklung von adaptiv bedeutsamen Chitinstrukturen die Chondrophora hervorgingen) und den Scyphozoen. Die Evolution der Polypen- und der Medusenformen sind weitgehend unabhängige Vorgänge;Conomedusites, Conchopeltis und die Conulariida werden als Polypenformen aufgefaßt. Die Anthozoa haben sich schon im Präkambrium aus den gemeinsamen Ahnenformen mit den Hydrozoen entwickelt, also vor den Scyphozoen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bouillon, J. (1968): Introduction to Coelenterates. — In:Florkin, M. &Scheer, B. T.: Chemical Zoology,2, 81–147, New York & London (Acad. Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Caster, K. E. (1942): Two Siphonophores from the Paleozoic. — Palaeontographica Amer.,3 (14), 61–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, D. M. (1966): Evolution of the Scyphistoma. — In: The Cnidaria and their Evolution (W. J. Rees, ed.), Sympos. Zool. Soc. London,16, 51–75.

  • Delsman, H. C. (1923): Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Porpita. — Treubia,III, 243–266, Buitenzorg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glaessner, M. F. &Wade, M. (1966): The late Precambrian fossils from Ediacara, South Australia. — Palaeontology,9 (4), 599–628.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gutmann, W. F. (1965): Rückstoß und Ruderschlag der Quallen. — Natur u. Museum,95, 455–462, Frankfurt a. M.

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1966): Zu Bau und Leistung von Tierkonstruktionen (4–6). — Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges.,510, 5–104, Frankfurt a. M.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hand, C. (1963): The Early Worm: A Planula. — In: The Lower Metazoa (Dougherty, E. C. et al., eds.), 33–39, Univ. Calif. Press.

  • Huckriede, R. (1967):Archaeonectris benderi n. gen. n. sp., (Hydrozoa), eine Chondrophore von der Wende Ordovicium/Silurium aus Jordanien. — Geologica et Palaeontologica,1, 101–109, Marburg a. L.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyman, L. H. (1940): The Invertebrates: protozoa through Ctenophora.I, 726 p. New York (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc.).

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1959): The Invertebrates: Smaller Coelomate Groups.V. — 783 p., New York (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc.).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiderlen, H. (1937): Die Conularien. Über Bau und Leben der ersten Scyphozoa. — N. Jb. Miner. Geol. Pal., Abh. (B),77, 113–169, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight, J. B. (1939):Conchopeltis Walcott, an Ordovician Genus of the Conulariida. — J. Paleont.,11, 186–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korde, K. B. (1963): Hydroconozoa, a new class of Coelenterata. — Palaeont. J.,2, 20–25, Moscow. [In Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozlowski, R. (1968): Nouvelles Observations sur les Conulaires. — Acta palaeont. polon.,8, 497–529, Warszawa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leloup, E. (1954): A propos des Siphonophores. — Inst. roy. Sci. natur. belg., vol. jubil.Victor van Straelen, 1925–1954,2, IV.Zool., 643–699, Bruxelles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackie, G. O. (1959): The Evolution of the Chondrophora (Siphonophora-Disconanthae): New Evidence from Behavioural Studies. — Proc. Trans. roy. Soc. Canada,53, Ser. 3, 7–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, F. J. (1956):Eldonia A Cambrian Siphonophore — Formerly Interpreted as a Holothurian. — Videns. K. Medd. dansk naturhist. Foren.,118, 7–14, København.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manton, S. M. (1941): On the Hydrorhiza and Claspers of the HydroidMyriothela cocksi (Vigurs). — J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K.,25, 143–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, R. C. & Harrington, H. J. (1956): Scyphozoa. Conulata. — In: Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Moore, R. C., ed.), pt.F, 27–53, 54–66, Lawrence (Kansas).

  • Osgood, R. J. Jr. (1970): Trace fossils of the Cininnati area. — Palaeontogr. Amer.,6 (41), 281–444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiel, H. (1966): The Evolution of Scyphozoa. A Review. — In: The Cnidaria and their Evolution (W. J. Rees, ed.), Sympos. Zool. Soc. London,16, 77–117.

  • Wade, M. (1969): Medusae from uppermost Precambrian or Cambrian sandstones, central Australia. — Palaeontology,12, 351–365, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wade, M. (1971): Bilateral Precambrian Chondrophores from the Ediacara Fauna, South Australia. — Proc. roy. Soc. Victoria, in press.

  • Werner, B. (1966):Stephanoscyphus (Scyphozoa, Coronatae) und seine direkte Abstammung von den fossilen Conulata. — Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters.,13, 317–347, Heide (Holst.).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — (1967a): Morphologie, Systematik und Lebensgeschichte vonStephanoscyphus (Scyphozoa Coronatae) sowie seine Bedeutung für die Evolution der Scyphozoa. — Zool. Anz., Suppl.30, 297–319.

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1967b):Stephanoscyphus Allman (Scyphozoa Coronatae), ein rezenter Vertreter der Conulata? — Paläont. Z.,41, 137–153, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

With Plate 1 and 2 Text-figures

This research was supported by an Australian Research Grant.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Glaessner, M.F. The genusConomedusites Glaessner & Wade and the diversification of the Cnidaria. Paläont. Z. 45, 7–17 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02989671

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02989671

Keywords

Navigation