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Effect of temperature on the sugar content of potato callus tissue

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Abstract

The effects of temperature, incubation time, callus age, and growth regulator on the reducing and nonreducing sugars of Lemhi Russet callus grown on Murashige - Skoog medium with 3% sucrose were determined. Callus grown at 25°C for approximately 4 weeks (0 time) were held at 25°C or transferred to 15°C and 5°C for 4-week periods. Callus grown at 5°C for 4 weeks was transferred back to 25°C for a 4-week period to simulate reconditioning of potatoes. The reducing sugar content decreased rapidly with time at 25°C and 15°C when either 2,4-D or picloram was used as a growth regulator. At 5°C the reducing sugar content increased or decreased slightly, depending on the original reducing sugar content of the callus. The initial reducing sugar content at 25°C and the relative effect of 5°C incubation was dependent on the age of the callus tissue. Reducing sugars in 5°C callus were rapidly lost after reconditioning at 25°C. The nonreducing sugars exhibited similar overall changes as the reducing sugars, but the nonreducing sugar concentrations were much lower.

Thus, potato callus cultures are similar to whole tubers insofar as they accumulate or maintain high reducing sugars at low temperatures and lose these sugars during reconditioning.

Compendio

Se determinaron los efectos de la temperatura, tiempo de incubación, edad del callo, y del regulador del crecimiento sobre los azúcares reductores y no reductores de callos de Lemhi Russet creciendo sobre el medio Murashige-Skoog con 3% de sacarosa. Los callos crecidos a 25°C por aproximadamente cuatro semanas (tiempo 0) fueron mantenidos a 25°C o transferidos al5°Cy5°C por periodos de cuatro semanas. El callo crecido a 5°C por cuatro semanas fue transferido a 25°C por un periodo de cuatro semanas para simular el re-acondicionamiento de las papas. El contenido de azucares reductores disminuyó rápidamente con el tiempo a 25 °C y 15 °C cuando se empleó ya sea 2,4-D o picloram como reguladores de crecimiento. A 5°C el contenido de azúcar reductor se incrementó o disminuyóo lieer amente, dependiendo del còntenido original de azúcares reductores en el callo. El contenido inicial de azúcar reductor a 25°C y el efecto relativo de la incubation a 5°C dependiÓ de la edad del tejido del callo. Los azücares reductores en el callo a 5°C se perdieron rápidamente después del re-acondicionamiento a 25°C. Los azúcares no reductores exhibieron cambios generales similares a los de los reductores, pero las concentraciones de azúcar no reductor fueron mucho más bajas.

Así, los cultivos de callos de papa son similares a los de tubérculos en cuanto ellos acumulan o mantienen alto nivel de azúcares reductores a bajas temperaturas y los pierden durante el re-acondicionamiento.

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Muneta, P., Hagen, S., LeTourneau, D. et al. Effect of temperature on the sugar content of potato callus tissue. American Potato Journal 67, 209–215 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02987261

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