Skip to main content
Log in

Molecular recognition: monomer of the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4 recognizes its dimer DNA binding target sites specifically

  • Published:
Science in China Series B: Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It is widely believed that dimerization is a requirement for the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4 to recognize its specific DNA target sites. We used the basic region (226-252) of the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4, as both a monomeric peptide and a disulfide-linked dimer to investigate the interaction of the peptides with the DNA target sites AP-1 and CRE. CD and ITC experiments indicate that although the monomeric peptide GCN4-M has a weaker affinity with the DNA relative to the disulfide-linked dimer peptide GCN4-D, it recognizes AP-1 and CRE target sites specifically.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kouzarides, T., Ziff, E., Leucine zippers of fos, jun and GCN4 dictate dimerization specificity and thereby control DNA binding, Nature (London), 1989, 340: 568.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Turner, R., Tjian, R., Leucine repeats and an adjacent DNA binding domain mediate the formation of functional cFos-cJun heterodimers, Science, 1989, 243: 1688.

    Google Scholar 

  3. O’shea, E. K., Rntkowski, R., Kim, P. S., Evidence that the leucine zipper is a coiled coil, Science, 1989, 243: 538.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Vinson, C. R., Sigler, P. B., Mcknight, S. L., Scissors-grip model for DNA recognition by a family of leucine zipper proteins, Science, 1989, 246: 911.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Hope, I. A., Struhl, K., Functional dissection of a eukaryotic transcriptional activator protein, GCN4 of yeast, Cell, 1986, 46: 885.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ellenberger, T. E., Brandle, C. J., Struchl, K. et al., The GCN4 basic region leucine zipper binds DNA as a dimer of uninterrupted alpha helices: crystal structure of the protein-DNA complex, Cell, 1992, 71: 1223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Konig, P., Richmond, T. J., The X-ray structure of the GCN4-bZIP bound to ATF/CREB site DNA shows the complex depends on DNA flexibility, J. Mol. Biol., 1993, 233: 139.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Weiss, M. A., Ellenberger, T., Wobbe, C. R. et al., Folding transition in the DNA-binding domain of GCN4 on specific binding to DNA, Nature, 1990, 347: 575.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Berger, C., Piubelli, L., Haditsch, U. et al., Diffusion-controlled DNA recognition by an unfolded, monomeric bZIP transcription factor, FEBS Letters, 1998, 425: 14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Metallo, S. J., Schepartz, A., Certain bZIP peptides bind DNA sequentially as monomers and dimerize on the DNA, Nature Struct. Biol., 1997, 4: 115.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Berger, C., Jelisarov, I., Bosshard, H. R., Coupled folding and site-specific binding of the GCN4-bZIP transcription factor to the AP-1 and ATF/CREB DNA sites studied by microcalorimetry, Biochemistry, 1996, 35: 14984.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Talanian, R. V., McKnight, C. J., Kim, P. S., Sequence-specific DNA binding by a short peptide dimer, Science, 1990, 249: 769.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Knorr, R., Trzeciak, A., Bannwarth, W. et al., New coupling reagents in peptide chemistry, Tetrahedron. Lett., 1989, 30: 1927.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Tarn, J. P., Heath, W. F., Marifield, R. B., Mechanisms for the removal of benzyl protecting groups in synthetic peptides by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-trifluoroacetic acid-bimethyl sulfide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108: 5242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Canter, C. R., Warshaw, M., Shpiro, H., Oligonucleotide interactions, 3. Circular dichroism studies of the conformation of deoxyoligonucleotides, Biopolymer, 1970, 9: 1059.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Freire, E., Mayorga, O. L., Straume, M., Isothermal titration, Anal. Chem., 1990, 62L: 950A.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Talanian, R. V., McKnight, C. J., Rutkowski, R. et al., Minimum length of a sequence-specific DNA binding peptide, Biochemistry, 1992, 31: 6871.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Murphy, K. P., Freire, E., Thermodynamics of structural stability and cooperative folding behavior in proteins, Adv. Protein Chem., 1992, 43: 313.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Spolar, R. S., Record, M. T. Jr., Coupling of local folding to site-specific binding of protein to DNA, Science, 1994, 263: 777.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lai Luhua.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cao, W., Liu, L., Lai, L. et al. Molecular recognition: monomer of the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4 recognizes its dimer DNA binding target sites specifically. Sc. China Ser. B-Chem. 43, 466–476 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02969492

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02969492

Keywords

Navigation