Abstract
IL-4 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by T lymphocytes which acts on various cells of such as T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblast, endothelial cells, macrophages and some others. IL-4 was originary described as a B cell growth factor, and now known to provide potent anti-tumor activity against various tumors, including breast cancer. IL-4 can induce apoptosis in cultured breast cancer cells. In addtion, it has been clarified that IL-4 plays an important role in the regulation of estrogen synthesis enzymes including 17 β-HSD and 3 β-HSD. These findings imply that IL-4 is a key enzyme not only for Th2 type immune reactions but also for tumor cell growth itself in human breast cancer.
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Abbreviations
- IL:
-
Interleukin
- TNF:
-
Tumor necrosis factor
- IFN:
-
Interferon
- TCR:
-
T cell receptor
- TGF:
-
Transforming growth factor
- IGF:
-
Insulin-like growth factor
- IRS:
-
Insulin receptor substrate
- ICAM:
-
Intercellular adhesion molecule
- VCAM:
-
Vascular cell adhesion molecule
- ELAM:
-
E-selectin
- VEGF:
-
Vascular endothelial cell growth factor
- HSD:
-
Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
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Nagai, S., Toi, M. Interleukin-4 and breast cancer. Breast Cancer 7, 181–186 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02967457
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02967457