The effects of high altitude cosmic radiation on some members ofAcanthaceae

Abstract

To study the effect of high altitude cosmic radiation the seed material of 15 species ofAcanthaceae was subjected to 3 types of exposures in balloon flights at an altitude of 30 900 to 38 100 metres. Germination behaviour was recorded and cytological studies were made. In the material subjected to one exposure, no detectable cytological or morphological change could be recorded. Material subjected to two exposures showed a 1 1/2 to 2 fold increase in cellular dimensions. A fragmented chromosome was observed inRostellularia procumbens. Flowering inJusticia betonica was advanced by 3 weeks. Among the species subjected to 3 exposures, two species showed diminution in height, and entered into flowering earlier than the controls. A study of germination behaviour showed, in general, that the decrease in germination percentage was directly proportional to the amount of radiation. The results indicate that the treatment with cosmic radiation may be helpful in reducing the period between sowing and harvesting. Therefore, if similar experiments be conducted on crop plants, they might yiled interesting and important results from the agricultural point of view.

Abstract

Semena 15 druhůAcanthaceae byla vystavena kosmickému záŕení pŕi letech v balonu ve víši od 30 900 do 38 100 m. Exposice pŕi jednom letu nevyvolala žádné cytologické ani morfologické změny. Po dvojnásobné exposici byly pozorovány o 50 až 100% větší buňky, uJusticia betonica pak dŕívější kvetení. Po tŕech exposicích dva druhy dŕíve kvetly a rostliny byly nižší. Snížení klíčivosti semen bylo úměrné množství aplikovaného záŕení.