Abstract
Many developing countries see in joint ventures a convenient means of pursuing their economic development in their own way without forgoing the benefits to be derived from foreign investment capital and know-how. The following article presents some of the findings of an empirical study by the author in the ASEAN countries. He addressed his inquiries on motivation, advantages and drawbacks of enterprises with local participation to 77 joint ventures as well as 29 fully foreign-owned firms.
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References
Cf., i. a., R. D. Robinson: National Control of Foreign Business Entry. A Survey of Fifteen Countries, New York and elsewhere, 1976; R. Krämer: Zur Investitionspolitik afrikanischer Länder (On the investment policy of African countries), in: Weltwirtschaft, No. 1, 1977, p. 128ff.; C. F. D. Alejandro: Direct Foreign Investment in Latin America, in: Ch. P. Kindleberger (ed.): The International Corporation, Cambridge, Mass. and London 1970, p. 319ff.
Cf. V. Betnke, G. Koopmann: Multinationale Unternehmen und Entwicklungsländer. Interessenkonflikte und Verhandlungspositionen (Multinational enterprises and developing countries. Conflicting interests and negotiating positions), Hamburg 1975; J. N. Behrman: National Interests and the Multinational Enterprise. Tensions Among the North Atlantic Countries, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 1970; P. H. Ady: Private Overseas Investment and the Developing Countries, in: P. H. Ady (ed.): Private Foreign Investment and the Developing World, New York and elsewhere, 1971, p. 3ff.
Cf. R. D. Robinson, op. cit National Control of Foreign Business Entry. A Survey of Fifteen Countries, New York and elsewhere, 1976; ASEAN Countries Toward Direct Foreign Investment, in: A Kapoor (ed.): Asian Business and Environment in Transition, Princeton 1976, p. 57ff.
Similar criticisms are to be found in J. Jegathesan: Impact of Foreign Investment and Technological Cooperation on Development Problems. The Position of Developing Countries, in: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (ed.): One World Only. The Impact of Foreign Investment and Technological Cooperation on Development An Internationa Forum Report 10, Singapore 1974, p. 136ff.
A good survey of this issue is found in H. Hemberger: Direkte Auslandsinvestitionen—Elemente des Entscheidungsprozesses und Erklärungsansätze (Direct foreign investments—Elements of the decision-making process and attempts at an elucidation), Frankfurt and Zürich 1974, p. 150ff.
This term has been taken over from D. Kebschull: Motive für deutsche Direktivvestitionen in Entwicklungsländern (Motives of German direct investments in developing countries), in: Probleme der Arbeitsteilung zwischen Industrie- und Entwicklungsländern (Problems of the division of labour between industrialized and developing countries) Beinefte der Konjunkturpolitik, Nr. 19, 1972. p. 11ff.
Cf. (no indication of author): Joint Venture Corporations: Drafting the Corporate Papers, in: Harvard Law Review. Vol. 78, 1964 p. 393ff.
Cf. R. Vernon: Restrictive Business Practices. The Operations of Multinational United States Enterprises in Developing Countries. Their Role in Trade and Development, U. N., New York 1972, p. 23; also J. M. Stopford and L. T. Well. Jr.: Managing the Multinational Enterprise. Organisation of the Firm and Ownership of the Subsidiaries, London 1972, Table 10-1, p. 144.
For more details of. D. Ahn: Joint Venture ais ein Instrument der Investitionspolitik der Entwicklungsländer. Dargestellt am Beispiel der ASEAN (Joint Venture as an example of the investment, policy of the developing countries. Presented by the example of the ASEAN), doctor thesis, Bochum and elsewhere, 7th chapter.
Cf. V. Bethke, G. Koopmann, op. cit. Multinationale Unternehmen und Entwicklungsländer. Interessenkonflikte und Verhandlungspositionen (Multinational enterprises and developing countries. Conflicting interests and negotiating positions), Hamburg 1975, p. 188ff.
Cf. R. Hellmann: Kontrolle der Multinationalen Unternehmen (Control of the multinational enterprises), Baden-Baden 1974, p. 117.
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Ahn, DS. Joint ventures in the ASEAN countries. Intereconomics 15, 193–198 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930852
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930852