Abstract
For about 150 years cloves have been a major export crop of Zanzibar. The industry was established through large plantations run with slave labor but these have been progressively fragmented into smaller holdings. Throughout this century the industry at home has faced several recurring problems, the worst of which are tree diseases, ageing tree populations and occasional neglect of trees. As a result, replanting has been crucial to the maintenance of the industry which has also been strengthened by government assistance. Overseas, Zanzibar faced little competition in the world clove market until recently and this is now being aggravated by increasing self-sufficiency in Indonesia. The future of the Zanzibar industry will depend on its ability to cope with the problems of the industry at home and on its success at selling cloves in an increasingly competitive world market.
Resumen
Durante 150 anos o cravo foi um dos produtos mais exportado de Zanzibar. A industria foi establecida através de grandes plantações cultivadas pelos escravos, mas isto com o passar do tempo progressivamente fragmentou-se, restando apenas pequenos fazendeiros. Durante este século a industria enfrentou muitos problemas, entre elas a doença, o envelhecimento e a neglegência com a lavoura dos cravos. Resultado, a replantação tem sido muito importante para a manutenção da industria a qual também tem sido ajudada pelo governo. Até recentemente, Zanzibar enfrentou pouca competição no mercado mundial para a venda de cravos. Mas esta situação ultimamente agravou-se desde que a Indonezia aumentou a sua propria produçao. O futuro da industria de cravos em Zanzibar depende da habilidade em solucionar os problemas da propria industria em seu pais e do sucesso da venda de cravos para um competitivo mercado mundial.
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Martin, P.J. The Zanzibar clove industry. Econ Bot 45, 450–459 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930706
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930706