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Structural adjustment programmes and industrialization in sub-Saharan Africa

  • Structural Adjustment
  • Published:
Intereconomics

Abstract

In sub-Saharan Africa, like elsewhere in the Third World, great hopes are attached to industrialization as a means of achieving economic and social development. Are the IMF and the World Bank, via their Structural Adjustment Programmes in the region, helping to create a leaner, more competitive industrial sector or are they in fact weakening the industrialization process?

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References

  1. Cf. International Monetary Fund (ed.): Theoretical aspects of the design of fund-supported adjustment programs. A study by the Research Department of the IMF, Occasional Paper No. 55, Washington, D.C. 1987.

  2. Cf., e.g., The World Bank (ed.): Sub-Saharan Africa: From crises to sustainable growth. A long-term perspective study, Washington, D.C. 1989, p. 117.

  3. Cf. G.M. Meier and W.F. Steel (eds): Industrial Adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa, New York etc. 1989, p. 3; W.F. Steel: Adjusting Industrial Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa, in: Finance & Development, Vol. 25 (1988), No. 1, p. 36.

  4. Cf. H. Stein: Deindustrialization, adjustment, the World Bank and the IMF in Africa, in: World Development, Vol. 20 (1992), No. 1, p. 89.

  5. Cf. H.H. Glismann, J.E. Horn, S. Nehring and R. Vaubel: Weltwirtschaftslehre. Eine problemorientierte Einführung, Vol. II: Entwicklungs- und Beschäftigungspolitik, 3rd. ed., Göttingen 1987, p. 60.

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  13. Cf. T. Killick and M. Malik: Country experiences with IMF programmes in the 1980s, in: The World Economy, Vol. 15 (1992), No. 5, pp. 599–632; United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ed.): African Alternative Framework to Structural Adjustment Programmes for socio-economic recovery and transformation (AAF-SAP), Washington D.C. 1989.

  14. Cf. J. Harrigan and P. Mosley: Evaluating the impact of World Bank structural adjustment lending: 1980–87, in: M.H. Malek (ed.): Contemporary Issues in European Development Aid, Aldershot 1991, pp. 83–119.

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  16. Cf. H. Ernst: Senegal zur Jahresmitte 1992, Bundesstelle für Außenhandelsinformation, Cologne 1992, pp. 4–5.

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  19. Cf. J. Loxley: Structural adjustment in Africa: Reflections on Ghana and Zambia, in: Review of African Political Economy, 1990, No. 47, pp. 8–27.

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  22. Cf. Ghana Export Promotion Council (ed.): Export Performance of the Non-Traditional Export Sector, January-December 1990 (by Exporter), Accra 1991.

  23. No official statistics have been compiled on the number of companies since 1986 (“Ghana National Industrial Census 1987” (Phase I and II), Accra 1991, quoted in UNIDO/ILO (eds.): Industrial Sector Review and Programming Mission to Ghana, Accra 1991, p. 116).

  24. Cf. Plan Consult, Louis Berger International Inc. (ed.): Kind and Level of Protection Required by Local Industries—Final Report, Accra/Paris 1991.

  25. Cf. World Bank (ed.): Ghana. Survey of medium and large manufacturing enterprises, Technical Working Paper No.5, Washington D.C. 1990, pp. 28–30.

  26. For the derivation of the hypotheses tested in the enquiry, see H. Proff, op. cit. Auswirkungen der Politik der internationalen Finanzinstitutionen (IWF und Weltbank) auf importintensive und exportorientierte Unternehmen in Ghana, Verlag für Entwicklungspolitik Breitenbach, series “Entwicklung und Finanzierung”, Vol. 1, Saarbrücken 1994.

  27. W.F. Steel and L.M. Webster: How small enterprises in Ghana have responded to adjustment, in: The World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 6 (1992), No. 3, pp. 423–438.

  28. Cf., e.g., H. Stein, op. cit., Deindustrialization, adjustment, the World Bank and the IMF in Africa, in: World Development, Vol. 20 (1992), No. 1, p. 89.

  29. The World Bank (ed.): Report and recommendation of the president of the International Development Association to the executive directors on a proposed credit of SDR 84.6 million to the Republic of Ghana for a program to promote private investment and sustained development, unpublished, Washington D.C. 1991.

  30. United Nations Development Organization (UNIDO) (ed.): Industry and Development, Global Report 1991/92, Vienna 1991, p. 51.

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  1. Stuttgart, Germany

    Heike Proff

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Proff, H. Structural adjustment programmes and industrialization in sub-Saharan Africa. Intereconomics 29, 225–233 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02926381

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