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The effect of Foliar application of some readily metabolized substances, growth regulators and antibiotics on Rhizosphere microflora

Влияние па микроϕлору риэосоϕеры внекорневой подкормки некоторыми легко усваиваемыми веществами регуляторов роста и антибиотиков

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Summary

The effect of foliar application on the microflora of the wheat root surface grown in nutrient solutions was studied, particularly with respect to the effect of nutrients absorbed and metabolized by the plant (urea, phosphate), of growth regulators (2-methyl-4-chlorphenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and of antibiotics (chlortetracycline and chloramphenicol). The effect of these substances was more pronounced in influencing the growth of roots than the growth of overground parts. No relationship could be established between the effect on wheat growth and the microbial count on the roots. The bacterial count of the root surface was decreased on applying triiodobenzoic acid and especially on applying chloramphenicol. In the other cases an increase in the number of bacteria was observed, most marked after the application of urea. An indirect proportionality seems to exist between the effect on fungi and on bacteria. After the foliar application of triiodobenzoic acid and chloramphenicol the number of fungi on roots was strikingly higher, while after urea it decreased.

Foliar application of triiodobenzoic acid and chloramphenicol was reflected in qualitative changes in the composition of the bacterial flora of the root surface with respect to the occurrence of morphological and nutritional groups and groups with different physiological properties. Quantitative changes in root excretion, particularly on applying chloramphenicol, were observed.

The applicability of foliar treatment as a means of controlling rhizosphere microflora is discussed, together with problems bearing on the relationship between foliar application and the rhizosphere effect.

Abstract

лсследовалось действие на микроϕлору поверхности корней пшеницы, выращиваемой в питательных растворах, внекорневой подкормки следующими веществами: питательные вещества, абсорбируемые и метаболиэируемые растением (мочевина, ϕосϕат), регуляеоры роста (2-метил-4-хлорϕеноксиук сусная кислота и 2,4-дичлорϕеноксиуксус ная кислота) и антибиотики (хлортетрациклин и хлорамϕеникол). Действие этих веществ проявлялось более выраэительно на росте корней, чем на росте листьев. Не наблюдалось корреляции между действием на рост пшеницы и числом микроограниэмов на корнях.

Число бактерий на корнях понижалось после применения трийодбенэойной кислоты, а в особенности -хлорамϕеникола. В остальных случаях наблюдалось повышение числа бактерий, наиболее эначительное после нанесения на листья мочевины. Обнаружепа обратная эависимость между действием этих веществ на бактерии и на грибки: после нанесения па лист трийодбенэойрой кислоты или хлорамϕеникола число грибков на корнях было гораэдо больше, после обработки листьев мочевиной ниже.

Обработка листьев трийодбенэойной кислотой и хлорамϕениколом отражалась на качестиенных иэменениях состава бактерийной ϕлоры поверхрости корней, а именно на составе морϕологических и троϕических групп и групп с раэличными ϕиэиологическими особенностями. Равным обраэом, были отмечены количественные иэменения в корневых выделениях -в особенности после обработки хлорамϕениколом.

Обсуждаются воэможности применения внекорневой подкормки как средства контроля микроϕлоры риэосϕеры, а также вопросы, свяэанные с действием этого мероприятия на эϕϕект риэосϕеры.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague 6

    J. Vraný, V. Vančura & J. Macura

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  1. J. Vraný
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  2. V. Vančura
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  3. J. Macura
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Additional information

The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. H. Linser for kindly providing the sample of triiodobenzoic acid and Dr. P. Vaculík and Dr. O. Makovcová for the samples of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and for making it possible to carry out experiments on wheat under controlled conditions. Thanks are due to Mrs. O. Grauová and Mrs. A. Vávrová for providing painstaking technical assistance.

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Vraný, J., Vančura, V. & Macura, J. The effect of Foliar application of some readily metabolized substances, growth regulators and antibiotics on Rhizosphere microflora. Folia Microbiol 7, 61–70 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02926332

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