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The effect of N-nitroso-N-methylurea, buthylmethane sulphonate and X-rays on the germination and production of chlorophyll mutations in einkorn wheat

Účinek N-nitroso-N-methylmočoviny, buthylmethansulfonátu a paprsků X na vzcházení a typy chlorofylových mutací u pšenice jednozrnky v M2

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Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

Grains ofTriticum monococcum L. var.sofianum Körn. were treated with 0·1mm, 0·2mm and 0·3mm solutions of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNH), with 0·03m solution of buthylmethane sulphonate (BMS) and with X-rays in doses of 5 000r and 10 000r. The germination and development of individual colors of chlorophyl mutants were observed by the system developed byLamprecht (1960). All the mutants induced were classified according to their color changes into three main categories-homogenous unicolor, homogenous multicolor and heterogenous multicolor. In the last type the colors of individual leaves of the same plant varied. Anthocyanin mutations “albina” and “albino-transvirgata” sometimes coincided with the chlorophyll mutations. Some chlorophyll mutations showing complicated groups of colors appeared which were beyond the scale of classification by ordinary systems. The largest proportion in the spectrum of chlorophyll mutations, induced by MNH and X-rays was occupied by mutations of thealbina type. The broadest mutation spectrum in our experiments was induced by the application of 0·3mm MNH. The doses of X-rays used induced relatively higher numbers ofalbina-type chlorophyll mutations than MNH and BMS. In our experiments we succeeded in inducing on medium size samples ofTriticum monococcum L. var.sofianum Körn not only almost all types of chlorophyll mutations, induced byFujii (1960, 1962) andMatsumura (1960), but in addition also a great number of other even more complicated chlorophyll mutations, which have never been previously described inTriticum monococcum. L.

Abstract

ObilkyTriticum monococcum L. var.sofianum Körn. byly ovlivněny 0,1mm, 0,2mm a 0,3mm roztokem N-nitroso-N-methylmočoviny (MNH), 0,03 M roztokem buthylmethansulfonátu (BMS) a 5 000 r i 10 000 r paprsků. X V M2 bylo sledováno vzcházení a byl zaznamenáván individuální barevný vývoj všech indukovaných chlorofylových mutantů klasifikačním systémem podleLamprechta (1960). Indukovaní mutanti tvořili podle typů barevných změn 3 skupiny— rovnoměrně jednobarevné, rovnoměrně vícebarevné a nerovnoměrně vícebarevné, kde se odlišovaly zbarvením od sebe i jednotlivé listy téhož individua. U některých chlorofylových mutantů typů albina se objevily anthocyanové mutace typu “albina” a typu “albino transvirgata”. Několik barevně složitějších chlorofylových mutantů nebylo možné podle dosavadních systémů klasifikovat. Největší procentuální zastoupení ve spektrech chlorofylových mutací indukovaných MNH a paprsky X připadalo na mutacialbina. Nejširší mutační spektrum ze zšech variant indukovala 0,3mm koncentrace MNH. Použité dávky paprsků X indukovaly relativně větší počet chlorofylových mutací albina než MNH a BMS. V práci se podařilo uT. monococcum L. var.sofianum Körn. indukovat na nepříliš velikém materiálu nejen téměř všechny typy chlorofylových mutací popsané Fujiim (Fujii 1960, 1962) a Matsumurou (Matsumura, 1960) uT. monococcum L. var.flavescens Körn., ale iřadu dalších, zejména složitějších chlorofylových mutací, uT. monococcum L. doposud nepublikovaných.

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Address: Žerotínovo nám., Olomoue, Czechoslovakia.

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Vagera, J. The effect of N-nitroso-N-methylurea, buthylmethane sulphonate and X-rays on the germination and production of chlorophyll mutations in einkorn wheat. Biol Plant 11, 408–416 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02921408

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