Abstract
Charged particle multiplicity distributions have been measured with the ALEPH detector in restricted rapidity intervals |Y| ≤0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 along the thrust axis and also without restriction on rapidity. The distribution for the full range can be parametrized by a log-normal distribution. For smaller windows one finds a more complicated structure, which is understood to arise from perturbative effects. The negative-binomial distribution fails to describe the data both with and without the restriction on rapidity. The JETSET model is found to describe all aspects of the data while the width predicted by HERWIG is in significant disagreement.
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Measurement of charged particle spectra in minimum-bias events from proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13\,\text {TeV} $$
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Author information
Ll. Garrido
Present address: Universitat de Barcelona, 08208, Barcelona, Spain
G. Maggi
Present address: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Lecce, 73100, Lecce, Italy
C. Markou
Present address: University of Athens, 157-71, Athens, Greece
R. Jacobsen & D. Brown
Present address: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
J. R. Pater
Present address: Schuster Laboratory, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
M. Delfino
Present address: Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
I. ten Have
Present address: TSM Business School, Enschede, The Netherlands
D. W. Kim
Present address: Kangnung National University, Kangnung, Korea
F. Ragusa
Present address: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
J. L. Harton
Present address: Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA
V. Sharma
Present address: University of California at San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA
L. Bellantoni
Present address: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 60510, Batavia, IL, USA
Authors and Affiliations
Laboratoire de Physique des Particules (LAPP), IN2P3-CNRS, 74019, Annecy-le-Vieux Cedex, France
D. Buskulic, D. Casper, I. De Bonis, D. Decamp, P. Ghez, C. Goy, J. -P. Lees, A. Lucotte, M. -N. Minard, P. Odier & B. Pietrzyk
Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
F. Ariztizabal, M. Chmeissani, J. M. Crespo, I. Efthymiopoulos, E. Fernandez, M. Fernandez-Bosman, V. Gaitan, Ll. Garrido, M. Martinez, S. Orteu, A. Pacheco, C. Padilla, F. Palla, A. Pascual, J. A. Perlas, F. Sanchez & F. Teubert
Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari, 70126, Bari, Italy
A. Colaleo, D. Creanza, M. de Palma, A. Farilla, G. Gelao, M. Girone, G. Iaselli, G. Maggi, M. Maggi, N. Marinelli, S. Natali, S. Nuzzo, A. Ranieri, G. Raso, F. Romano, F. Ruggieri, G. Selvaggi, L. Silvestris, P. Tempesta & G. Zito
Institute of High-Energy Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, The People’s Republic of China
X. Huang, J. Lin, Q. Ouyang, T. Wang, Y. Xie, R. Xu, S. Xue, J. Zhang, L. Zhang & W. Zhao
European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
G. Bonvicini, M. Cattaneo, P. Comas, P. Coyle, H. Drevermann, A. Engelhardt, R. W. Forty, M. Frank, R. Hagelberg, J. Harvey, R. Jacobsen, P. Janot, B. Jost, J. Knobloch, I. Lehraus, C. Markou, E. B. Martin, P. Mato, H. Meinhard, A. Minten, R. Miquel, T. Oest, P. Palazzi, J. R. Pater, J. -F. Pusztaszeri, F. Ranjard, P. Rensing, L. Rolandi, D. Schlatter, M. Schmelling, O. Schneider, W. Tejessy, I. R. Tomalin, A. Venturi, H. Wachsmuth, W. Wiedenmann, T. Wildish, W. Witzeling, J. Wotschack, A. Blondel, A. Bonissent, F. Dydak & L. Foà
Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Université Blaise Pascal, IN2P3-CNRS, 63177 Aubière, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Z. Ajaltouni, M. Bardadin-Otwinowska, A. Barres, C. Boyer, A. Falvard, P. Gay, C. Guicheney, P. Henrard, J. Jousset, B. Michel, S. Monteil, J -C. Montret, D. Pallin, P. Perret, F. Podlyski, J. Proriol, J. -M. Rossignol & F. Saadi
Niels Bohr Institute, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
T. Fearnley, J. B. Hansen, J. D. Hansen, J. R. Hansen, P. H. Hansen & B. S. Nilsson
Nuclear Research Center Demokritos (NRCD), Athens, Greece
A. Kyriakis, E. Simopoulou, I. Siotis, A. Vayaki & K. Zachariadou
Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Energies, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
A. Blondel, G. Bonneaud, J. C. Brient, P. Bourdon, L. Passalacqua, A. Rougé, M. Rumpf, R. Tanaka, A. Valassi, M. Verderi & H. Videau
Department of Physics, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, Edinburgh, UK
D. J. Candlin & M. I. Parsons
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, 50125, Firenze, Italy
E. Focardi & G. Parrini
Supercomputer Computations Research Institute, Florida State University, 32306-4052, Tallahassee, FL, USA
M. Corden, M. Delfino, C. Georgiopoulos & D. E. Jaffe
Istituto di Fisica Generale, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
G. Bologna
Istituto di Cosmo-Geofisica del C.N.R., Torino, Italy
G. Mannocchi
Laboratori Nazionali dell’INFN (LNF-INFN), 00044, Frascati, Italy
A. Antonelli, G. Bencivenni, G. Bologna, F. Bossi, P. Campana, G. Capon, V. Chiarella, G. Felici, P. Laurelli, G. Mannocchi, F. Murtas, G. P. Murtas & M. Pepe-Altarelli
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK
S. J. Dorris, A. W. Halley, I. ten Have, I. G. Knowles, J. G. Lynch, W. T. Morton, V. O’Shea, C. Raine, P. Reeves, J. M. Scarr, K. Smith, M. G. Smith, A. S. Thompson, F. Thomson, S. Thorn & R. M. Turnbull
Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Universität Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
U. Becker, O. Braun, C. Geweniger, G. Graefe, P. Hanke, V. Hepp, E. E. Kluge, A. Putzer, B. Rensch, M. Schmidt, J. Sommer, H. Stenzel, K. Tittel, S. Werner & M. Wunsch
Department of Physics, Imperial College, SW7 2BZ, London, UK
R. Beuselinck, D. M. Binnie, W. Cameron, D. J. Colling, P. J. Dornan, N. Konstantinidis, L. Moneta, A. Moutoussi, J. Nash, G. San Martin, J. K. Sedgbeer & A. M. Stacey
Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
G. Dissertori, P. Girtler, E. Kneringer, D. Kuhn & G. Rudolph
Department of Physics, University of Lancaster, LA1 4YB, Lancaster, UK
C. K. Bowdery, T. J. Brodbeck, P. Colrain, G. Crawford, A. J. Finch, F. Foster, G. Hughes, T. Sloan, E. P. Whelan & M. I. Williams
Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
A. Galla, A. M. Greene, K. Kleinknecht, G. Quast, J. Raab, B. Renk, H. -G. Sander, R. Wanke & C. Zeitnitz
Centre de Physique des Particules, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, IN2-CNRS3-CNRS, 13288, Marseille, France
J. J. Aubert, A. M. Bencheikh, C. Benchouk, A. Bonissent, G. Bujosa, D. Calvet, J. Carr, C. Diaconu, F. Etienne, M. Thulasidas, D. Nicod, P. Payre, D. Rousseau & M. Talby
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Werner-Heisenberg-Institut, 80805, München, Germany
I. Abt, R. Assmann, C. Bauer, W. Blum, D. Brown, H. Dietl, F. Dydak, G. Ganis, C. Gotzhein, K. Jakobs, H. Kroha, G. Lütjens, G. Lutz, W. Männer, H. -G. Moser, R. Richter, A. Rosado-Schlosser, R. Settles, H. Seywerd, U. Stierlin, R. St Denis & G. Wolf
Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire, Université de Paris-Sud, IN2P3-CNRS, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
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Istituto di Matematica e Fisica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
G. Tonelli
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università INFN Sezione di Pisa, e Scuola Normale Superiore, 56010, Pisa, Italy
D. Abbaneo, P. Azzurri, G. Bagliesi, G. Batignani, S. Bettarini, C. Bozzi, G. Calderini, M. Carpinelli, M. A. Ciocci, V. Ciulli, R. Dell’Orso, R. Fantechi, I. Ferrante, L. Foà, F. Forti, A. Giassi, M. A. Giorgi, A. Gregorio, F. Ligabue, A. Lusiani, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. Messineo, G. Rizzo, G. Sanguinetti, A. Sciabà, P. Spagnolo, J. Steinberger, R. Tenchini, G. Tonelli, G. Triggiani, C. Vannini, P. G. Verdini & J. Walsh
Department of Physics, Royal Holloway & Bedford New College, University of London, TW20 OEX, Surrey, UK
A. P. Betteridge, G. A. Blair, L. M. Bryant, F. Cerutti, Y. Gao, M. G. Green, D. L. Johnson, T. Medcalf, Ll M. Mir, P. Perrodo & J. A. Strong
Particle Physics Dept., Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Dicot, OX11 OQX, Oxon, UK
V. Bertin, D. R. Botterill, R. W. Clifft, T. R. Edgecock, S. Haywood, M. Edwards, P. Maley, P. R. Norton & J. C. Thompson
CEA, DAPNIA/Service de Physique des Particules, CE-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
B. Bloch-Devaux, P. Colas, H. Duarte, S. Emery, W. Kozanecki, E. Lançon, M. C. Lemaire, E. Locci, B. Marx, P. Perez, J. Rander, J. -F. Renardy, A. Rosowsky, A. Roussarie, J. -P. Schuller, J. Schwindling, D. Si Mohand, A. Trabelsi & B. Vallage
Institute for Particle Physics, University of California at Santa Cruz, 95064, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
R. P. Johnson, H. Y. Kim, A. M. Litke, M. A. McNeil & G. Taylor
Department of Physics, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
A. Beddall, C. N. Booth, R. Boswell, S. Cartwright, F. Combley, I. Dawson, A. Koksal, M. Letho, W. M. Newton, C. Rankin & L. F. Thompson
Fachbereich Physik, Universität Siegen, 57068, Siegen, Germany
A. Böhrer, S. Brandt, G. Cowan, E. Feigl, C. Grupen, G. Lutters, J. Minguet-Rodriguez, F. Rivera, P. Saraiva, L. Smolik & F. Stephan
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste e INFN Sezione di Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
M. Apollonio, L. Bosisio, R. Della Marina, G. Giannini, B. Gobbo & F. Ragusa
Experimental Elementary Particle Physics, University of Washington, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA
J. Rothberg & S. Wasserbaech
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
S. R. Armstrong, L. Bellantoni, P. Elmer, Z. Feng, D. P. S. Ferguson, Y. S. Gao, S. González, J. Grahl, J. L. Harton, O. J. Hayes, H. Hu, P. A. McNamara, J. M. Nachtman, W. Orejudos, Y. B. Pan, Y. Saadi, M. Schmitt, I. J. Scott, V. Sharma, J. D. Turk, A. M. Walsh, Sau Lan Wu, X. Wu, J. M. Yamartino, M. Zheng & G. Zobernig
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Consortia
ALEPH Collaboration
Additional information
Deceased
Supported by CICYT, Spain
Supported by the National Science Foundation of China
Supported by the Danish Natural Science Research Council
Supported by the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council
Supported by the US Department of Energy, contract DE-AC02-76ER00881
Supported by the US Department of Energy, contract DE-FG05-92ER40742
Supported by the US Department of Energy, contract DE-FC05-85ER250000
Supported by the Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, Germany
Supported by the Direction des Sciences de la Matière, C.E.A
Supported by Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Austria
Supported by the US Department of Energy, grant DE-FG03-92ER40689
Partially supported by Colciencias, Colombia
Supported by the Commission of the European Communities, contract ERBCHBICT941234
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ALEPH Collaboration., Buskulic, D., Casper, D. et al. Measurements of the charged particle multiplicity distribution in restricted rapidity intervals. Z. Phys. C - Particles and Fields 69, 15–25 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907382
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02907382
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