Abstract
Laser irradiation of soybean seeds for 3 min caused a clear reduction in the number of seed-borne fungi which became more pronounced as the irradiation time was extended. Pretreatment of the seeds with methylene blue, methyl red and carmine enhanced the effect of laser.Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria tenuissima, Cercospora kikuchii andColletotrichum truncatum were completely eliminated when the seeds were pretreated with a dye and irradiated for 10 min. Seed germination was stimulated on exposure of the seed to 1-min irradiation. At such dose, most of the dyes were accelerators while the higher doses were inhibitory to seed germination. Chlorophylla, chlorophyllb and carotenoid content of developed plants differed, depending on the irradiation dose and dye treatment of the seeds. In seeds irradiated for 1 or 3 min, chlorophylla formation was less affected than chlorophyllb formation. In seeds irradiated for 10 min, both the chlorophyll contents were decreased especially in the presence of some applied dyes. On the other hand, there was an increase in carotenoid content of soybean leaves when the laser dose increased. The number and dry mass of nodules were mostly greater (as compared to the corresponding control), when the seeds irradiated for 1 or 3 min were pretreated with methyl red, chlorophenol red, crystal violet and methylene blue. Irradiation of pre-sowing seeds greatly protected soybean stands againstF. solani. The disease incidence differed somewhat when the irradiated seeds were pretreated with dyes. The reduction in disease incidence was accompanied by accumulation of high proline and phenol levels in the infected root tissues of soybean, suggesting that these compounds have a certain role in the prevention of disease development.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnett H.L., Hunter B.B.:Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. 4th Ed. Macmillan Publ., New York 1987.
Bates L.S., Waldren R.P., Teare I.D.: Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies.Plant & Soil 39, 205–207 (1973).
Batov I., Nedelin B.: Laser biostimulation of rhizogenesis on green cuttings of beech (Fagus sylvatica).Nauka za Gorata (Bulgaria)27, 47–53 (1990).
Bel’skii A.I., Mazulenko N.N.: Effects of pre-sowing laser treatment of barely seeds on the incidence of fungal diseases of the plants.Mikol. Fitopatol. 18, 312–316 (1984).
Boddi B., Frank F.: Room temperature fluorescence spectra of protochlorophyllide and chlorophyllide forms in etiolated bean leaves.J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biology 41, 73–82 (1997).
Buss G.R., Ma G., Chen P., Tolin S.A.: Registration of V94-5152 soybean germplasm resistant to soybean mosaic potyvirus.Crop Sci. 37, 1987–1988 (1997).
Cuero R.G., Smith J.E., Lacey J.: The influence of γ-irradiation and sodium hypochloride sterilization on maize seed microflora and germination.Food Microbiol. 3, 107–113 (1986).
Domsch K.H., Gams W., Anderson T.H.:Compendium of Soil Fungi. Academic Press, London-New York 1980.
Drozd D.: The effect of laser radiation on spring wheat properties.Internat. Agrophysics 8, 209–213 (1994).
Ellis M.B.:Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew (Great Britain) 1971.
Fabrizius E., Tekrony D.M., Egli D.B.: Reduction of summer storage temperature to improve carryover quality of soybean seed.Seed Technol. 19, 51–67 (1997).
Gbodi T.A., Nwude N., Aliu Y.O., Ikediobi C.O.: The mycoflora and mycotoxins found in stored mouldy cotton seed (Gossypium spp.Linn.) in Plateau State, Nigeria.Bull. Anim. Health Product. Afr. 37, 91–94 (1989).
Govil S.R., Agrawal D.C., Rai K.P., Thakur S.N.: Physiological responses ofVigna radiata L. to nitrogen and argon + laser irradiation.Indian J. Plant Physiol. 34, 72–76 (1991).
Govil S.R., Agrawal D.C., Rai K.P., Thakur S.N.: Growth responses ofVigna radiata seeds to laser irradiation in the UV-A region.Physiol. Plant. 63, 133–134 (1985).
Jagjeet S., Lodha P.C.: Compatibility of chemical seed protectants withBradyrhizobium japonicum and their effect on symbiotic nodulation in soybean.J. Mycol. Plant Pathol. 27, 148–151 (1997).
Kapelev O.I.: The effect of pre-sowing OKG-II laser radiation on the swelling and main enzymatic processes of catmint seeds.Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov Gosudarstvennyi Nikitskii Botanicheskii Sad (Russian)108, 137–144 (1989).
Liu F. Protein and amino acid contents in cotton seedlings as related to their resistance toFusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum).J. Southwest Agric. Univ. 19, 161–164 (1997).
Mandzhieva A.N.: Biological nitrogen and aspects of ecology.Kormovye Kultury (Russian)3, 31 (1991).
Mislivec P.B., Bruce V.R.: Incidence of toxic and other mold species and genera in soybeans.J. Food Protect. 40, 309–312 (1976).
Morioka T.:Laser in Dental Medicine. Ishiyaku Publishers Inc., Tokyo 1986.
Nazarov D., Fatoev I.: Physical influence: how it affects seed and fibre quality.Khlopok (Russian)4, 56–57 (1991).
Nelson P.E., Toussoum T.A., Marasas P.K.:Fusarium Species. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park 193, 1983.
Okamoto H., Iwase T, Morioka T.: Dye-mediated bactericidal effect of He−Ne laser irradiation on oral microorganisms.Lasers Surg. Med. 12, 450–458 (1992).
Ouf S.A., Ali M.I.A., Abou-Shady M.R., El-Adly A.A.: Differential sensitivity ofFusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici andSclerotium cepivorum to Nd-YAG laser irradiation, (Abstr.) inSecond Euro-Mediterranean Conference on Application of Photobiology and Laser Technologies in Medicine and Environment. NILES, Cairo University, Cairo (Egypt) 1998.
Prasad A., Prasad B.K.: Seedborne fungi of stored lablab bean and their significance.Indian J. Mycol. Plant Pathol. 17, 262–266 (1987).
Prasad B.K., Prasad A., Shanker U., Kumar S.: Level of change in carbohydrate in lablab bean FD 5 ev. seed due to seedborneAspergillus niger.Indian J. Mycol. Plant Pathol. 17, 145–149 (1988).
Pereira J., Dhingra O.D.: Potential ofChœtomium globosum for reducing primary inoculum ofPhomopsis phaseoli f.sp.meridionalis.Fitopathol. Brasileira 22, 472–478 (1997).
Raper K.B., Fennell D.I.:The genus Aspergillus. William and Wilkins Company, Baltimore 1965.
Salama A.M., Ismail I.M.K., Ali M.I.A., Ouf S.A.: Possible control of white rot disease of onion caused bySclerotium cepivorum through soil amendment withEucalyptus, rostrata leaves.Rev. Ecol. Sol. 25, 305–314 (1988).
Schobert B., Tschesche H.: Unusual solution properties of proline and its interaction with proteins.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 541, 270–277 (1978).
Shaban N., Kartalov P.: Effect of laser irradiation of seeds on some physiological processes in cucumbers.Rasteniev dani-Nauki (Bulgarian)25, 64–71 (1988).
Son T.S.: Laser activated kenaf.Tekhnicheskie Kul’tury (Russian)6, 42–43 (1990).
Swain T., Hillis W.E.: The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents.J. Sci. Food Agric. 10, 63 (1959).
Terasmaa T.: The reaction of Norway spruce to red light irradiation by laser.Metsanduslikud Uurimused, Estonian-SSR23, 74–81 (1989).
von Wettstein D.: Chlorophyll lethal Faktoren und der submikroskopische Formwechsel der Plastiden.Experim. Cell Res. 12, 427–433 (1957).
Zorov B.V., Kameshkov I.L., Kryuk V.I., Rodionov I.V., Shavnin S.A.: The effect of laser radiation on germination of conifer seeds.Lesnoi Zhurnal (Russian)4, 28–32 (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ouf, S.A., Abdel-Hady, N.F. Influence of He−Ne laser irradiation of soybean seeds on seed mycoflora, growth, nodulation, and resistance toFusarium solani . Folia Microbiol 44, 388–396 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02903711
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02903711