Summary and Conclusions
Earlier in this paper five major goals of federal housing policy were listed and it was noted that the public housing program was only one vehicle used to work toward these goals. In this section, the conflicts and issues that arise in the pursuit of these goals through this program, as spelled out in the preceding pages, will be summarized. As well, suggestions of other means to provide housing for the low-income will end the paper.
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Notes
Spencer Rich, “Family Income Is $17,640, No Longer Rising So Fast,”Washington Post, November 25, 1979, pp. A26, A27.
U.S.,Statutes at Large, Vol. L, pt. 1, “Housing Act of 1937” (Public Law 412), September 1, 1937, ch. 896, p. 888.
Robert Taggart,Low-Income Housing: A Critique of Federal Aid (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins U. Press, 1970), p. 36.
“Public Housing,”Housing and Development Reporter (Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., July 18, 1977), p. 14.
Ibid.
Martin D. Levine,Federal Housing Policy: Current Programs and Recurring Issues (Washington, D.C.: Congressional Budget Office, 1978), pp. 3, 24.
The periods for which the history of public housing is discussed are comparable to those defined in Ronald Jones, David Kaminsky, and Michael Roanhouse,Problems Affecting Low-Rent Public Housing Projects, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of HUD, Office of Policy Development and Research, January 1979, pp. 18–20. However, their period of two decades, 1949–1969 has been subdivided into two single-decade periods in this paper.
Leonard Freedman,Public Housing: The Politics of Poverty (New York City: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1969), p. 140.
Ibid., p. 122.
Six of the eight weaknesses of public housing as cited by the Douglas Commission relate to its qualitative aspects. See Robert Taggart,Low-Income Housing: A Critique of Federal Aid (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins U. Press, 1970), p. 33.
Bruce De Silva, “Profiteering on Housing: Rhode Island Politicians, Friends Capitalize on HUD Program for Poor,”Washington Post, October 7, 1979, p. A18.
According to the Boston Housing Authority as many as two-thirds of the applicants for public housing units have been noted to choose to go to the bottom of the list rather than to accept an “undesirable unit.” See Lisa Peattie, “Conventional Public Housing,” Working Paper No. 3 (Cambridge, MA: Joint Center for Urban Studies of MIT and Harvard, Spring 1971), p. 8.
Nancy L. Ross, “Contradicting Public Housing Policy,”Washington Post, June 23, 1979.
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and U.S. Department of Labor,Guidebook: Urban Initiatives Anti-Crime Program (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), p. 2. Also: U.S., Congress, Joint Economic Committee,Urban Crime, Hearings, before the Subcommittee on Economic Growth and Stabilization, testimony by Lynn A. Curtis, “Urban Redevelopment and Crime Preven-tion,” 95th Cong., 2nd sess., May 17, 1978, pp. 24-25.
Freedman, op. cit., pp. 118-119.
This phenomenon was observed in the Section 8 program run by the Housing Authority of Cambridge, MA. Details of the process were obtained in conversation with Reese Fayde, a former CHA employee.
Stephen Mayo, et al.,Draft Report on Housing Allowances and Other Rental Housing Assistance Programs—A Comparison Based on the Housing Allowance Demand Experiment, Part I: Participation, Housing Consumption, Location, and Satisfaction (Cambridge, MA: Abt Assoc., November 12, 1979), p. S-12 finds that public housing tenants in both Phoenix and Pittsburgh moved from more to less racially integrated neighborhoods when moving into public housing units.
Spencer Rich, “No-Strings Housing Subsidy is Faulted,”Washington Post, ovember 17, 1978, p. A9.
“Take the Money and Stand Still: Proves Allowances Not the Answer,”Housing Affairs Letter, August 18, 1978, p. 2.
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,Justification for 1980 Estimates, Part I (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, March 1979), pp. C-16 and C-17.
U.S., Congress, Housing, Subcommittee on Housing of the Committee on Banking and Currency,Compilation of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, Committee Print, 93rd Cong., 2nd sess., October 1974, p. 2.
“Take the Money and Stand Still,” op. cit.
John M. Berry, “Economists Voice Despair,”Washington Post, February 24, 1980, p. A1.
Peter Milius, “The Third Branch of Welfare,”Washington Post, August 5, 1979, pp. B1 and B4.
Chester Hartman and Michael Stone, “Housing: A Socialist Alternative,” inThe Federal Budget and Social Reconstruction, ed. by Marcus G. Raskin (Washington, D.C.: Institute for Policy Studies, 1979), pp. 220–223.
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Leigh, W.A., Mitchell, M.O. Public housing and the black community. Rev Black Polit Econ 17, 107–129 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02901074
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02901074