The S-100 protein was localized by immunocytochemistry in 70 pituitary tumors including 30 prolactin, 16 growth hormone, two corticotropin and 22 non-functioning adenomas. Positive immunostaining was observed in only one case (prolactin adenoma). It is concluded that in functioning and non-functioning pituitary tumors there is no particular involvement of S-100 protein-containing cells, at least under the conditions of this study.