Skip to main content
Log in

Primary gastric lymphoma

  • Review
  • Published:
Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

The pathogenesis of gastric MALT lymphoma starts with accumulation of MALT following infection of the stomach byH. pylori. Rarely this lymphoid infiltrate contains cells with a growth advantage possibly due to a genetic change (trisomy 3?). The result is a monoclonal lymphoproliferative lesion which is responsive toH. pylori driven T-cell help. Because its growth is dependent on the presence of local antigen, gastric MALT lymphoma remains localized for long periods and it is during this phase that the lymphoma can be treated by eradication ofH. pylori. Further genetic changes, as yet uncharacterized may lead to escape from T-cell dependency and ultimately high grade transformation

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Freeman C, Berg JW and Cutler SJ: Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas. Cancer 29: 252–260, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Otter R, Bieter R, Kluin PM, et al: Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a population-based registry. Br J Cancer 60: 745–750, 1989

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Isaacson PG and Wright DH: Malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. A distinctive type of B-cell lymphoma. Cancer 52: 1410–1416, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Isaacson PG and Spencer J: Malignant lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. Histopathology 11: 445–462, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Isaacson PG and Norton AJ: Extranodal Lymphomas. Edinburgh. London. Madrid. Melbourne. New York. Tokyo: Churchill Livingstone. 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gowans JL and Knight EJ: The route of re-circulation of lymphocytes in the rat. Proc R Soc Lond (Biol) 159: 257–282, 1964.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hall JG and Smith ME: Homing of lymph-borne immunoblasts to the gut. Nature 226: 262–263, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Husband AJ: Kinetics of extravasation and redistribution of IgA specific antibody containing cells in the intestine. J Immunol 128: 1355–1359, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Owen RL and Jones AL: Epithelial cell specialisation within human Peyer’s patches: an ultrastructural study of intestinal lymphoid follicles. Gastroenterology 66: 189–203, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Stevens SK, Weissman IL and Butcher EC: Differences in the migration of B and T lymphocytes: organ-selective localization in vivo and the role of lymphocyte endothelial cell recognition. J Immunol 128: 844–851, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Quiding-Harbrink M, Eakew M, Nordstrom I, et al: Human circulating specific antibody-forming cells after systemic and mucosal immunisations: differential homing commitments and cell surface differentiation markers. Eur J Immunol 25: 322–327, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Isaacson PG: Extranodal lymphomas: The MALT concept. Verh Dtsch Ges Path 1992; 76: 14–23, 1992.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Isaacson PG, Wotherspoon AC, Diss T and Pan L: Follicular colonization in B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Am J Surg Pathol 15: 819–828, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Spencer J, Diss TC and Isaacson PG: Primary B cell gastric lymphoma. A genotypic analysis. Am J Pathol 135: 557–564, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Pan L, Diss TC, Cunningham D and Isaacson PG: The bcl-2 gene in primary B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Am J Pathol 135: 7–11, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Wotherspoon AC, Finn TM and Isaacson PG: Trisomy 3 in low grade B cell Lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Blood 85: 2000–2004, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wotherspoon AC, Pan L, Diss TC and Isaacson PG: Cytogenetic study of B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 58: 35–38, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Cogliatti SB, Schmid U, Schumacher U, et al. Primary B-cell gastric lymphoma: A clinicopathological study of 145 patients. Gastroenterology 101: 1159–1170, 1991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Lennert K and Feller AC: Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (Based on the Updated Kiel Classification), 2nd Edition, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Chan JKC, Ng CS and Isaacson PG: Relationship between high-grade lymphoma and low-grade B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) of the stomach. Am J Pathol 136: 1153–1164, 1990.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Weingrad DN, Decosse JJ, Sherlock P, et al: Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma: a 30-year review. Cancer 49: 1258–1265, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Joensuu H, Söderström KO, Kleini PJ and Eevola E:. Nuclear DNA content and its prognostic value in lymphoma of the stomach. Cancer 60: 3042–3048, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Montalban C, Castrillo JM, Serano M, et al: Gastric B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Clinicopathological study and evaluation of the prognostic factors in 143 patients. Ann Oncol 6: 355–362, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Spencer J, Diss TC and Isaacson PG. A study of the properties of a low-grade mucosal B-cell lymphoma using a monoclonal antibody specific for the tumour immunoglobulin. J Pathol 160: 231–238, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Ben-Ayed F, Halphen M, Najjar T et al: Treatment of alpha chain disease. Results of a prospective study in 21 Tunisian patients by the Tunisian-French Intestinal Lymphoma Study Group. Cancer 63: 1251–1256, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Warren JR and Marshall BJ: Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis. Lancet 1: 1273–1275, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Genta RM, Hamner HW and Graham DY: Gastric lymphoid follicles inHelicobacter pylori infection: Frequency, distribution, and response to triple therapy. Hum Pathol 24: 577–583, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wotherspoon AC, Ortiz-Hidalgo C, Falzon MR and Isaacson PG: Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and primary Bcell gastric lymphoma.Lancet 338: 1175–1176, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Rathhone BJ, Wyatt JI, Worsley BW, Shires SE, Trejdosiewicz LK, Heatley RV and Losowsky MS: Systemic and local antibody responses to gastric Campylobacter pyloridis in nonulcer dyspepsia. Gut 27: 642–647, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Doglioni C, Wotherspoon AC, Moschini A, de Boni M and Isaacson PG: High incidence of primary gastric lymphoma in Northeastern Italy. Lancet 339: 834–835, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L, Gelb AB, Warnke RA, Jellum E, Orentreich N, Vogelman JH and Friedman GD:Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma. New Eng J Med 330: 1267–1271, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Hussell T, Isaacson PG, Crabtree JE and Spencer J: The response of cells from low-grade B-cell gastric lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue toHelicobacter pylori. Lancet 342: 571–574, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Wotherspoon AC, Doglioni C, Diss TC, Pan L, Moschini A, De Boni M and Isaacson PG: Regression of primary low-grade Bcell gastric lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue after eradication ofHelicobacter pylori. Lancet 342: 575–577, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Hussell T, Isaacson PG, Crabtree JE and Spencer J: Helicobacter pylori specific tumour infiltrating T cells provide contact dependent help for the growth of malignant B cells in low grade gastric lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. J Pathol 128: 122–127, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Hussell T, Isaacson PG, Crabtree JE, Dogan A and Spencer J: Immunoglobulin specificity of low grade B cell gastric lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. Am J Pathol 142: 285–292, 1993.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Wotherspoon AC, Doglioni C, de Boni M, Spencer J and Isaacson PG: Antibiotic treatment for low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma. Lancet 343: 1503, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Savio A, Franzin G, Wotherspoon AC, et al: Diagnosis and post-treatment follow up of Helicobacter pylori positive gastric lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue: Histology, PCR or both? Blood 87: 1255–1260, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Roggero E, Zucca E, Pinotti G, et al: Therapy outcome in primary low-grade gastric lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue forH. pylori infection. Ann Int Med 122: 767–769, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Weber DM, Dimopoulos MA, Anandu DP, Pugh WC and Steinbach G: Regression of gastric lymphoma of mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue with antibiotic therapy forHelicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology 107: 1835–1838, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Blecker U, McKeithan TW, Hart J and Kirschner BS: Resolution ofHelicobacter pylori-associated gastric lymphoproliferative disease in a child. Gastroenterology 109: 373–377, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Bayerdorffer E, Neubauer A, Rudolph B, et al: Regression of primary gastric lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue type after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Lancet 345: 1591–1594, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

G Isaacson, P. Primary gastric lymphoma. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 2, 5–10 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02893940

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02893940

Key words

Navigation