Zusammenfassung
Anisodamin ist ein Alkaloid, welches aus der tibetanischen Pflanze “Anisodus tanguticus” gewonnen wird. In China wird Anisodamin seit 1965 zur Schockbehandlung verwendet. Der Wirkungsmechanismus ist bisher nicht aufgeklärt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Wirkungen von Anisodamin auf die renale Mikrozirkulation der gespaltenen hydronephrotischen Rattenniere untersucht. Unter lokaler Applikation von 1X10-8 M bis 1X10-3 M Anisodamin kam es dosisabhängig zu einer signifikanten Dilatation der präglomerulären Gefäße, insbesondere Arteria arcuata, Arteria interlobularis und Vas afferens. Die maximale Zunahme der Lumendurchmesser betrug knapp 30%. Im Gegensatz zum präglomerulären Bereich führte Anisodamin am Vas efferens nahe dem Glomerulum und am Quellpunkt zu einer Vasokonstriktion. Die glomeruläre Durchblutung zeigte unter Anisodamin dosisabhängig einen Anstieg. Die Durchblutungszunahme betrug unter 1X10-3 M Anisodamin rund 50%. Haioperidol, ein Dopamin-Antagonist, verhinderte die durch Anisodamin hervorgerufene präglomeruläre Vasodilatation und hemmte auch den vasokonstriktorischen Effekt von Anisodamin auf postglomeruläre Gefäße. Unsere Untersuchungen belegen, daß Anisodamin durch eine präglomeruläre Vasodilatation (verbunden mit einer postglomerulären Vasokonstriktion) die Nierenfunktion entscheidend verbessern kann, hierbei wird eine Stimulation von Dopaminrezeptoren angenommen.
Abstract
Anisodamine is an alkaloid extracted from the Tibetan plant “Anisodus tanguticus”. Since 1965 it has been used in China for the treatment of shock but the mechanisms of its action are not fully known. The present study was performed to determined the effect of anisodamine on the renal microcirculation and to examine the underlying mechanism of its actions. The addition of anisodamine (10−8 M to 10−3 M) to the kidney bath resulted in a significant and dose dependent dilation of all preglomerular vessels. The maximal dilation (about 30 % dilation) was found in the proximal interlobular artery. In contrast to preglomerular vessels anisodamine caused constriction of postglomerular vessels. The glomerular blood flow increased by about 50 % at anisodamine concentration of 10−3 M. Haloperidol, a dopamine receptor antagonist could abolish the renal vascular effect of anisodamine. It is suggested that anisodamine could improve renal function by the dilation of preglomerular vessels in combination with the constriction of postglomerular vessels, and the effect of anisodamine may be mediated by activation of the dopaminergic system.
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Ai-ping, Z., Parekh, N. & Steinhausen, M. Dopaminerge Wirkung von Anisodamin auf die renale Mikrozirkulation der gespaltenen hydronephrotischen Rattenniere. Journal of Tongji Medical University 11, 65–72 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02888091
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02888091