Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of Husk morphology on grain development and topography in rice

Auswirkung der Hülsemorphologie auf die Kornentwicklung und Korntopologie in Reis

  • Published:
Economic Botany Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Kernels grown within loosened glumes in three varieties of paddy were darker in color and had a smoother surface than those grown under normal conditions. The thickness of the pericarp plus seed coat layers was 33.6 ±2.8 µm, and the thickness of the aleurone layers was 21.7 ± 2.5 µm in grains of the first type, while in the normal grains, these dimensions were 13.0 ± 1.4 and 26.9 ± 2.9 µm respectively. The kernels which developed within loosened glumes tended to taper towards the distal end. They were lighter in weight than normal grains by 32 to 67 percent, the weight loss being less in the bolder variety. The lemma-palea interlocking depth was positively correlated with the groove depth on the kernel and with the clearance between husk and kernel. All three parameters showed a positive correlation with grain breadth. A low lemma-palea interlocking depth and a smaller clearance between husk and kernel are technologically desirable characteristics in rice. The reclasping of the two glume components after pollination was essential for the normal development of the rice grain.

Zusammenfassung

In drei Reisarten wiesen die Körner, die innerhalb lockeren Glumae wuchsen, eine dunklere Farbe und eine glattere Oberfläche aus, als diejenige die unter normalen Bedingungen gewachsen hatten. Die Dicke der Keimhülle, mit den Fruchthautschichten zusammengenommen war 33.6 ± 2.8 µm, und die Dicke der Aleuronschichten war 21.7 ± 2.5 µm in Körnern der ersten Art; in den normalen Körnern waren diese Dimensionen 13.0 ± 1.4 µm bzw. 26.9 ± 2.9 um. Die Körner, die sich innerhalb der losen Glumae entwickelten, hatten eine Tendenz sich gegen das fernere Ende zuzuspitzen. Sie waren auch 32 bis 67% leichter als die normale Körner; das Gewichtsverlust war kleiner in den grösseren Körnern. Die Tiefe des Ineinandergreifens der Vor- und Ruckenspelzen war positiv mit der Tiefe des Falzes am Korn, und mit dem Spalt zwischen Hülse und Korn korreliert. Diese drei Parametern zeigten alle eine positive Korrelation mit der Kornweite. Kleinere Werte für die Tiefe des Ineinandergreifens der Vor- und Ruckspelzen, und füir den Spalt zwischen Hülse und Korn, sind wunschbare Charaktern im Reis. Das Wiederzusammengreifen der zwei Glumaekomponenten nach Bestäubung war notwendig für die normale Entwicklung des Reiskorns.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.

Literature Cited

  • Angold, R. E. 1979. Cereal and bakery products: barley. Page 101in J. G. Vaghan, ed., Food microscopy. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bechtel, D. B., and Y. Pomeranz. 1978. Implications of the rice kernel structure in storage, marketing and processing: a review. J. Food Sci. 43:1538–1542.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhashyam, M. K., and T. Srinivas. 1981. Studies on the association of white core with grain dimension in rice. J. Food Sci. Technol. 18:214–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • —,and -T. Srinivas. 1984. Varietal difference in the topography of rice grain and its influence on milling quality. J. Food Sci. 49:393–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breese, M. H. 1960. The infestability of stored paddy bySitophilus sasakii (Tak) andRhizopertha dominica (F). Bull. Entomol. Res. 51:599–630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, L. M., and M. P. Russell. 1970. Some effects of rice varieties on the biology of the angoumois grain moth,Sitotroga cerealella. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 63:930–931.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansen, D. A. 1940. Plant microtechnique. McGraw-Hill, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Juliano, B.O. 1981. Rice grain properties and resistance to storage insects: a review. Page 9in Research Series 56, IRRI, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1985-1986. Rice properties and processing. Food Rev. Intnl. 1:423–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • —,and D. B. Bechtel. 1985. The rice grain and its gross composition. Pages 17–57in B. O. Juliano, ed., Rice chemistry and technology. AACC, St. Paul, MN.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGaughey, W. H. 1970. Effect of degree of milling and rice variety on insect development in milled rice. J. Econ. Entomol. 66:1375–1376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Millet, E., and M. J. Pinthus. 1984. Effects of removing floral organs, light penetration and physical constraint on the development of wheat grains. Ann. Bot. 53:261–271.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murugesan, G. 1988. Studies on puffed rice. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Mysore, Mysore, India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narasimhan, K. S., A. S. Sundarajan, and K. Sriramamurthy. 1987. Varietal susceptibility of paddy varieties to stored grain insects. Paper No. SHP 1 presented in VII Indian Convention of Food Scientists and Technologists, Central Food Tech. Res. Inst, Mysore, India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pomeranz, Y. 1982. Grain structure and end use properties. Food Microstructure 1:107–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radley, M. 1981. The effect on wheat grain growth of the removal or ABA treatment of glumes and lemma. J. Exp. Bot. 32:129–140.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, M. P. 1968. Influence of rice variety on ovi- position and development of the rice weevil,Sitophilus oryzae, and the maize weevil,S. zeamais. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 61:1335–1336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santos, J. K. 1933. Morphology of the flower and mature grain of Philippine rice. Philippine J. Sci. 52:475–503.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seo, S. W., and Y. Ota. 1982. Role of hull in the ripening of rice plants. II. Changes in photosynthesis and respiration of the hull during ripening. Japanese J. Crop Sci. 51:105–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srinivas, T., and H. S. R. Desikachar. 1973. Factors affecting the puffing quality of paddy. J. Sci. Food Agric. 24:883–891.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • —,and M. K. Bhashyam. 1987. Effect of morphology and cell structure on foodgrain quality. Paper presented in VII Indian Convention of Food Scientists and Technologists, Central Food Tech. Res. Inst., Mysore, India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shankara, R., M. K. Bhashyam, and T. Srinivas. 1987. Shelling of freshly harvested high moisture paddy in centrifugal sheller. Paper No. QAC 12 presented in VII Indian Convention of Food Scientists and Technologists, Central Food Tech. Res. Inst., Mysore, India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takeda,K., K. Ichinoche, and K. Saito. 1981. Mechanism of grain notching in rice and variation in frequency of notching. Japanese J. Crop Sci. 50: 502–508.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida,S. 1972. Physiological aspects of grain yield. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 23:437–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Raju, G.N., Srinivas, T. Effect of Husk morphology on grain development and topography in rice. Econ Bot 45, 429–434 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02887084

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02887084

Key Words