Cited References
Indicates key paper40Rut: Ruttewit and G. Masing, “Alloys of Ge with Bi, Sb, Fe and Ni”,Z. Metallkd., 32, 51–61 (1940) in German. (Equi Diagram; Experimental; Indicates presence of phase diagram)
42Lav: F. Laves and H.J. Wallbaum, “On the Influence of Geometrical Factors on the Stoichiometric Formula of Intermetallic Compounds”,Z. Angew. Mineral., 4, 17–46 (1942) in German. (Crys Structure; Experimental)
50Pfi: H. Pfisterer and U.K. Schubert, “New Phases of MNP (B31)-Type”,Z. Metallkd., 41, 358–367 (1950) in German. (Crys Structure; Experimental)
53Cas: L. Castelliz, “Crystal Structure of Mn5Ge3 and its Ternary Phases with Two Transition Elements”,Monatsh. Chem., 84, 765–776 (1953). (Crys Structure; Experimental)
54Mae: F. Maesen and J.A. Brenkman, “The Solid Solubility and the Diffusion of Nickel in Germanium”,Philips. J. Res., 9, 225–230 (1954). (Equi Diagram, Thermo; Experimental)
55Tyl: W.W. Tyler, R. Newman, and H.H. Woodbury, “Properties of Germanium Doped with Nickel”,Phys. Rev., 98(2), 461–465 (1955). (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
57Pea: W.B. Pearson and L.T. Thompson, “The Lattice Spacings of Nickel Solid Solutions”,Can. J. Phys., 35(4), 349–357 (1957). (Crys Structure; Experimental)
58Tyl: W.W. Tyler, “Deep Level Impurities in Germanium”,J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 8, 59–65 (1958). (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
Indicates key paper60Tru: F.A. Trumbore, “Solid Solubilities of Impurity Elements in Ge and Si”,Bell Sys. Tech. J., 39, 205–233 (1960). (Equi Diagram, Experimental; Indicates presence of a phase diagram)
Indicates key paper62Kle: W. Klement, “Ni-Rich Solid Solutions in Binary Alloys with Tin, Ge and Si”,Can. J. Phys., 40, 1397–1400 (1962). (Crys Structure; Experimental)
63Lec: P. Lecocq, “Magnetic and Structural Studies of the Solid Solutions of Ge in Fe, Co and Ni and the Germanides of the Type M3Ge and M2Ge”,Ann. Chim., 8, 85–116 (1963. (Equi Diagram, Crys Structure; Experimental)
66Kan: A. Kant, “High Temperature Equilibrium in the Germanium-Nickel System and the Dissociation Energy of GeNi”,J. Chem. Phys. 44 (6) 2450–2456 (1966). (Thermo; Experimental)
67Bra: P. Brand, “Investigations of the Polymorphism of the Intermetallic Phases Ni1.5Sn, Ni1.5In and Ni1.75Ge”,Wiss. Z. Martin. Luther Univ. Halle Mitt, 16(4), 551–559 (1967) in German. (Crys Structure; Experimental)
Indicates key paper71Ell: M. Ellner, T. Goedecke, and K. Schubert, “The Structure of Ni−Ge Alloys”,J. Less-Common Met., 24, 23–40 (1971). (Equi Diagram; Experimental; Indicates presence of a phase diagram)
71Iva: V.D. Ivanova and B.P. Burylev, “Thermodynamic Activity of Ge in Molten Alloys with Mn, Ni and Cobalt”,Zh. Fiz. Khim., 45(8), 2056–2057 (1971) in Russian. (Thermo; Experimental)
72Pre: B. Predel, “Enthalpies of Formation and Bonding Ratios in Some Intermetallic Nickel Arsenide-Type Compounds”,Thermochim. Acta, 3(5), 411–418 (1972) in German. (Thermo; Experimental)
73Aga: T.P. Agalakova and V.L. Zagryazhskii, “Polymorphic Transformations and Electrophysical Properties of Co and Ni-Germanides withB82 Structure”, Deposited Publ., VINITI 66, 72–73, 26p (1973) in Russian. (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
74Aga: T.P Agalakova, M.A. Rykova, and V.L. Zagryazhskii, “Electric Resistance of Co5Ge3 and Ni5Ge3 at Elevated Temperature”,Trans. Ural Politekh. Inst., 231, 22–26 (1974) in Russian. (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
74Fuk: J. Fukushima, K. Tamura, H. Endo, K. Kishi, S. Ikeda, and S. Minomur, “X-Ray Photoemission Studies of Amorphous Ni−Ge Alloys”, AIP Conf. Proc., Vol.20 108–113 (1974). (Meta Phases, Experimental)
74Pol: A.F. Polesya and L.S. Slipchenko, “Structure of Rapidly Solidified Alloys of the Ni−Ge System”,Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, (2), 239 (1974) in Russian. (Meta Phases; Experimental)
74Pra: J.N. Pratt, J. M. Bird, and S. Martosudirjo, “Thermodynamics of Alloys, Ni−Ga, Ni−Ge, and Ni−Rh Alloys”, U.S.N.T.I.S., Ad Rep., No 786609/9GA, 39 p (1974). (Thermo; Theory)
75Baz: Yu.A. Bazin, P.V. Gel'd, Ya.I. Dutchak, E.S. Levin, and M.S. Petrushevski, “The X-Ray Diffraction Study of Short-Range Order Characteristics of Nickel with Germanium Melts”,Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 223(5), 1160–1164 (1975) in Russian. (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
75Gel: P.V. Gel'd, E.S. Levin, I.A. Pavars, and V.P. Yakubchik, “Short-Range Order in Amorphous Me−Ge (Me5Ge3) Films (Me=Fe, Co, Ni)”,Phys. Status Solidi (a), 30(2), 791–800 (1975). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
Indicates key paper75Ilo: G. Ilonca, “Spin-Phonon Interaction in Ferromagnetic Ni−Ge Alloys”,Stud Cercet Fiz., 27(10), 971–976 (1975). (Equi Diagram; Experimental)
75Lev: E.S. Levin, P.V. Gel'd, I.A. Pavars, and V.P. Yakubchik, “Electron Diffraction Study of Short-Range Order in Amorphous Films of Ni5Ge3”,Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., 20(1), 67–70 (1975). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
75Pra: J.N. Pratt and S. Martosudirjo, “Calorimetric Studies of Nickel-Gallium and Nickel-Germanium Alloys”, Conf. Int. Thermo. Chim., (C.R.), 4th ed., Vol. 1. Jean Rouquero, Ed., Cent. Rech. Microcalorimetrie Thermochim. C.N.R.S., Marseille, 192–199 (1975). (Thermo; Experimental)
76Bil: A.I. Bilyak and G.P. Zhuk, “Study of Short-Range Order in Amorphous Condensed Alloys of the Ge−Ni System”,Metallofiz., 64, 73–76 (1976) in Russian. (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
76Ere: V.N. Eremenko, V.V. Berezutskij, G.M. Lukashenko and V.L. Pritula, “Thermodynamic Properties and Short-Range Order in Some Melts of Iron, Nickel, Cobalt and Manganese”,dop. Akad. Nauk Ukr. RSR, Ser. A, (3), 269–272 (1976) in Russian. (Thermo Theory)
76Koc: P.V. Kocherov, M.S. Petrushevskii, and P.V. Gel'd, “Calculating the Thermodynamic Particulars of Molten Alloys of 3D-Transitional Metals and Germanium”,Izv. V.U.Z. Chernaya Metall., (4), 9–12 (1976) in Russian. Translation available at the British Lending Library, #M25450 (Thermo; Theory)
76Mar: S. Martosudirjo and J.N. Pratt, “Enthalpies of Formation of Solid Nickel-Gallium and Nickel-Germanium Alloys”,Thermochim. Acta, 17(2), 183–194 (1976). (Thermo; Experimental)
76Vog: W. Vogelbein, “Calorimetric Studies of Solid Binary Alloys of Fe, Co, and Ni with In, Ge, Sn and Sb”, Thesis, Univ. Stuttart, 64–40 (1976) in German. (Thermo; Experimental)
77Erd: L. Erdelyi, A. Neckel, J. Tomiska, and H. Nowotny, “Mass Spectrometric Determination of the Thermodynamic Activities in Nickel-Germanium Alloys”,Ber. Bunsenges., 81(10), 1003–1007 (1977). (Thermo; Experimental)
77Kor: T.S. Korsunskaya, Yu. V. Kurdyautsev, and I.V. Lezhnenko, “Mechanism of Crystallization for Amorphous Ni−Ge (Ni0.625Ge0.375 Films”,Ukr. Fiz. Zh., 22 (4), 642–645 (1977) in Russian. (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
77Yam: K. Yamada, Y. Endo, K. Tamura, J. Fukushima, H. Endo, and N. Watanabe, “Structure and Amorphous Iron-Germanium and Ni−Ge Alloys”,Kakurikan Kenkyu Hokoku (Tohoko Daigaku), 10(1), 69–75 (1977) in Japanese. (Meta Phases; Experimental)
78Bha: S. Bhan and H. Kudielka, “Ordered bcc-phases at High Temperatures in Alloys of Transition Metals andB-Subgroup Elements”,Z. Metallkd., 69(5), 333–336 (1978). (Crys Structure; Experimental)
78Bur: B.P. Burylev and V.D. Ivanova, “Thermodynamics of Dilute Solutions of Germanium in Binary Melts with Metals of the Iron Group”,Izv. V.U.Z. Chernaya Metall., (2), 18–20 (1978) in Russian; Translation available from BISI 17319 (Thermo; Experimental)
79Cas: R. Castanet, “Enthalpies of Formation of Liquid Alloys of Ge with Fe, Co, and Ni at 1288 K”,Chem. Thermodyn., 11, 912–915 (1979). (Thermo; Experimental)
79Ere: V.N. Eremenko, G.M. Lukashenko, V.V. Berezutskii, and V.L. Pritula, “Thermodynamic Properties of Molten Alloys of Nickel, Cobalt and Iron with Transition Metals”,Termodin. Svoistva Met. Rasplavov, Mater. Vses. Soveshch. Termodi N. Met. Splavov (Rasplavy), 4th ed., Vol. 2, L.F. Kozin, Ed., Izd. Nauka Kazakhsokio SSR, U.S.S.R., 48–52 (1979) in Russian. (Thermo; Experimental)
79Nie: H.J.V. Nielsen, “An Estimate of the Glass Transition Temperature of Transition Metals Alloyed with Metalloids”,Z. Metallkd., 70(9), 606–608 (1979). (Thermo; Experimental)
79Pre: B. Predel and W. Vogelbein, “The Formation Enthalpies of Solid Alloys of the Binary Systems of Iron, Cobalt and Nickel with Germanium and Tin”,Thermochim. Acta, 30(1/2), 201–215 (1979). (Thermo; Experimental)
Indicates key paper80Day: A. Dayer and P. Feschotte, “Binary System Co−Ge and Ni−Ge Comparison Study”,J. Less-Common Met., 72, 51–70 (1980). (Equi Diagram; Experimental; Indicates presence of a phase diagram)
80Ell: M. Ellner and B. Predel, “Phases in the Ni−Ge, Pd−Ge and Pt−Ge Systems Obtained by Extremely Rapid Cooling of the Melts”,J. Less-Common Met., 76, 181–197 (1980). (Equi Diagram; Experimental; Indicates presence of a phase diagram)
80Oya: H. Oyangi, K. Tsuji, S. Hosoya, S. Minomura, and T. Fukamachi, “EXAFS Study on the Structure of the Amorphous Fe−Ni Alloys”,J. Non-Cryst Solids, 35–36 (1), 555–570 (1980). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
80Shl: A.N. Shlapak, E.A. Beloborodova, and G.I. Batalin, “Heats of Mixing of Binary Molten Alloys of Germanium with Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel”,Urk. Khim. Zh., 46(2), 209–211 (1980) in Russian. (Thermo; Experimental)
80Tom: J. Tomiska, “Discussion of Approximation Formulas for Thermodynamic Excess Functions with Special Regard to Best Fit of Mass Spectrometric Data on Metal Alloys”,Calphad, 4(2), 63–81 (1980). (Thermo; Theory)
80Yam: K. Yamada, Y. Endoh, Y. Ishikawa, and N. Watanabe, “Neutron Diffraction Studies of Atomic Structures of Amorphous Fe−Ge and Ni−Ge Alloys”,J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 48(3), 922–929 (1980). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
82Sho: V.A. Shovskii, V.P. Kazimirov, V.E. Sokoloskii, and G.I. Batalin, “X-Ray Diffraction Study of Ni−Ge Melts”,Ukr. Fiz. Zh., 27(10), 1545–1550 (1982) in Ukrainian. (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)
83Bat: G.I. Batalin and A.N. Shlapak, “Calculation of Free Energy and Entropy of Mixing of Molten Germanium-Nickel Alloys”,Ukr. Khim. Zh., 49(1), 11–14 (1983) in Ukrainian. (Thermo; Theory)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was funded by NASA, Grant No. NAG3-302 through ASM International. Literature searched through 1983. Professor P. Nash is the ASM/NBS Data Program Category Editor for binary nickel alloys.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nash, A., Nash, P. The Ge−Ni (Germanium-Nickel) system. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 8, 255–264 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02874917
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02874917