Abstract
Changes in the oomycetePhytophthora infestans in the United States and other parts of the world pose a significant threat to potato production. A continual evaluation of potato clones for resistance to late blight is necessary to identify clones with resistance and to monitor the stability of resistance in light of the emergence of new and more aggressive strains of this pathogen. Twentytwo potato clones (10 cultivars and 12 selections) were evaluated in 1997 for late blight resistance at seven U.S. locations. Seven late blight differentials (R1R2R3R4, R1R2R4, R1R3R4 R3, R8 R10, and Rmulti) were also included in the test at five of these locations. The US-8 strain of P.infestans was present at all locations. Percent infected foliage was recorded at approximately weekly intervals following the onset of disease. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. The nonparametric stability statistics mean absolute rank differences (S (1)i ) and variances of the ranks (S (2)i ) were used to analyze phenotypic stability. Although neither of these statistics was significant for individual clones, both of these statistics were significant when summed over clones, indicating the importance of genotype × environment interactions on the rankings of these clones across locations. The most late blight-resistant and susceptible clones were the most stable; clones in the intermediate ranges were most subject to rank changes due to genotype × environment interactions. The most late blight-resistant clones were AWN86514-2, B0692-4, B0718-3, and B0767-2. The most susceptible clones were B0811-13, B1004-8, Nor-Donna, and Krantz. AUDPC was very low for the late blight differentials R8 and Rmulti, moderately low for R10 and very high for the remaining differentials. This study is important in characterizing the reaction of potato clones to new strains of P.infestans.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- AUDPC:
-
area under the disease progress curve
- FL:
-
Florida
- MD:
-
Maryland
- ME:
-
Maine
- Mi:
-
Michigan
- MN:
-
Minnesota
- ND:
-
North Dakota
- NY:
-
New York
- PA:
-
Pennsylvania
Literature Cited
Axum. 1999. Axum 6.0 User’s Guide, Data Analysis Products Division, MathSoft, Seattle, WA.
Bartlett MS, 1937. Some examples of statistical methods of research in agriculture and applied biology. J Royal Statist Soc Suppl 4: 137–170.
Colin LT, LJ Turkensteen, W Prummel, DJ Budding, and J Hoogendoorn. 1995. Durable resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestons) in old potato cultivars. European J Plant Pathol 101: 387–397.
Davidse LC, D Looijen, LJ Turkensteen, and D Van der Wal. 1981. Occurrence of metalaxylresistant strainsof Phytophthora infestans in Dutch potato fields. Netherlands J Plant Pathol 87: 65–68.
Deahl KL, RW Goth, R Young, SL Sinden, and ME Gallegly. 1991. Occurrence of the A2 mating type ofPhytophthora infestans in potato fields in the United States and Canada. Am Potato J 68: 717–726.
Drenth A., EM Janssen, and F Govers. 1995. Formation and survival of oospores ofPhytophthora infestans under natural conditions. Plant Pathol 44: 86–94.
Fry WE, and SB Goodwin. 1997. Resurgence of the Irish potato famine fungus. BioScience 47: 363–371.
Fry WE, SB Goodwin, AT Dyer, JM Matuszak, A Drenth, PW Tooley, LS Sujkowski, YJ Koh, BA Cohen, LJ Spielman, KL Deahl, DA Inglis, and KP Sandlan. 1993. Historical and recent migrations ofPhytophthora infestans: chronology, pathways, and implications. Plant Dis 77: 653–661.
Gisi U., and Y Cohen. 1996. Resistance to phenylamide fungicides: a case study withPhytophthora infestans involving mating type and race structure. Ann Rev Phytopath 34: 549–572.
Goodwin SB, LS Sujkowski, AT Dyer, BA Fry, and WE Fry. 1995. Direct detection of gene flow and probable sexual reproduction ofPhytophthora infestans in northern North America Phytopathology 85: 473–479.
Haynes KG, DH Lambert, BJ Christ, DP Weingartner, DS Douches, JE Backlund, G Secor, W Fry, and W Stevenson. 1998. Phenotypic stability of resistance to late blight in potato clones evaluated at eight sites in the United States. Am J Potato Res 75: 211–217.
Horsfall JG, and RW Barratt. 1945. An improved grading system for measuring plant diseases. Phytopathology 35: 655.
Huehn, M.. 1990. Nonparametric measures of phenotypic stability. Part 1: Theory. Euphytica 47: 189–194.
Jeger, MJ and SLH Viljanen-Rollinson. 2001. The use of area under the disease-progress curve (AUDPC) to assess quantitative disease resistance in crop cultivars. Theor. Appl. Genet. 102: 32–40.
Lu HY. 1995. PC-SAS program for estimating Hühn’s nonparametric stability statistics. Agron J 87: 888–891.
Platt HW, and KB McRae. 1990. Assessment of field responses of potato cultivars and breeder seedlings to potato late blight epidemics. Am Potato J 67: 427–441.
Redman CE, EP King, and IF Brown Jr. 1969. Tables for converting Barratt and Horsfall rating scores to estimated mean percentages. Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories. Indianapolis, IN. Mimeo.
SAS Institute Inc. 1987. SAS/STAT guide for personal computers, version 6 ed. Cary, NC.
Shaner G., and RE Finney. 1977. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the expression of slowmildewing resistance in knox wheat. Phytopathology 67: 1051–1056.
Sujkowski LS, SB Goodwin, AT Dyer, and WE Fry. 1994. Increased genotypic diversity via migration and possible occurrence of sexual reproduction ofPhytophthora infestans in Poland. Phytopathology 84: 201–207.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haynes, K.G., Christ, B.J., Weingartner, D.P. et al. Foliar resistance to late blight in potato clones evaluated in national trials in 1997. Am. J. Pot Res 79, 451–457 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02871690
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02871690