Abstract
Wild azuki bean, a progenitor of an Asiatic food legume (Vigna angularis var.nipponensis: Fabaceae), and its weed form are distributed widely in the Japanese Archipelago. The straggling or climbing wildform occurs in sleeve or mantle plant communities, and the weakly climbing or bushy weed form is found in relatively open human-disturbed habitats. The wild form has small seeds with a black-mottled pattern on green or grey skin; the weed form has larger seeds with variable color patterns. Wild and weed forms have black, easily dehiscent pods, distinct from their cultivated counterpart which has red large seeds and indehiscent light-colored pods. The wild form is not utilized, but the weed form is recognized by farmers and has several folk names as a weed, a contaminated form of azuki bean, and a substitute for azuki as a food. The frequent occurrence of weed azuki bean in Japan is attributable to adaptation of the wildform to lack of climbing support in human-disturbed habitats, escape from old cultivars, and natural establishment from the derivatives of hybrids between cultivars and wild forms.
Zusammenfassung
Die Wildazukibohne, em Vorfahr einer asiatische Efibarbohne (Vigna angularis var. nipponensis: Fabaceae), und dieser Unkrautform sind weitverbreit in derjapanischen Inselgruppe. Die üppigwachende oder aufsteigende Wildform liegt in den Saum-oder Mantelpflanzengesellshaften, und die schwächliche aufsteigende oder buschige Unkrautform wird in den relativoffen menschenausstörend Standorten gefunden. Die Wildform trage die kleinen Samen mit einem schwarzgefleckten Muster auf der grauen oder grünen Samenhaut; die Unkrautform trage die grôfieren Samen mit dem variabelen Färbung und Zeichnung. Wild-und Unkrautformen haben die schwarzen und lechtspaltigen Hülsen, distinktem vom ihnen Kulturgegenstück, der hat die roten groöβen Samen und die inspaltigen heillfarben Hülsen. Die Wildform wird nicht gebenutzen, aber die Unkrautfor,n wird angeerkennen bei den Bauern und hat flein Volksnamen als einen Unkrauten, einen Befleckungformen der Azukibohne, und zum Ersatz für Azuki zu Efizwecken. Das hàufige Dasein der Unkrautazukibohne in Japan ist der Anpassung der Wildform zu Mangel der aufsteigenden Stüze in den menschenaussörenden Standorten. dem Verwilderung von alten Kulturvarietäten, und der natürlichen Gründung von der Ableitung der Hybriden zwischen Kulturvarietäten und Wildformen hervorgekom men.
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Yamaguchi, H. Wild and Weed Azuki Beans in Japan. Econ Bot 46, 384–394 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02866509
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02866509