Abstract
To determine the relative importance of the genotype, the environment, and their interaction on the expression of morphological characters in maize races, 50 Mexican races and 24 races from Central America, South America, and the U.S. were grown in several locations and seasons in México and 47 characters were measured directly. Estimates of the ratio of variance components, rc = [Vc/(Ve+VCs/], were used as criteria to determine the appropriate characters for racial classification. Twenty-four useful variables were identified. Analysis of the structure of the data matrix facilitated visual examination of correlations among the variables and of the variability represented by each variable. Based on these analyses, a minimum list of 9 characters was suggested to be appropriate variables for racial classification: number of leaves per plant, branched part length/tassel length, central spike internode length, male glume length, kernel width, rachis segment length, pith diameter, ear diameter/length, and kernel width/length.
Resumen
Con la finalidad de determinar la importancia relativa del genotipo, ambiente y su interacción, en la expresión de caracteres morfológicos de las razas de maíz, se llevó a cabo un estudio con 50 razas Mexicanas y 24 razas de América Central, América del Sur y Los Estados Unidos de América; dichas razas fueron sembradas en varias localidades y estaciones en México y 47 caracteres fueron medidos directamente. En base a la estimación de la relación de componentes de varianza, rc = [Vc/(Ve+ VCe/], como criterio para determinar los caracteres apropiados para clasificación racial, se identificaron 24 variables. El análisis de la estructura de la matriz de datos facilitó la examinación de las correlaciones y de la variabilidad representada por coda variable. En base a dichos andlisis, se puede sugerir una lista mínima de nueve caracteres, como variables apropiadas para clasificación racial: Número de hojas por planta, longitud de la parte ramificada/ longitud de espiga, longitud de entrenudos (separación entre pares de espiguillas) de la rama central de la espiga, longitud de gluma masculina, ancho de grano, longitud de segmento de raquis, diámetro de médula, diámetro/longitud de mazorca y ancho/longitud de grano.
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Sánchez, J.J.G., Goodman, M.M. & Rawlings, J.O. Appropriate characters for racial classification in maize. Econ Bot 47, 44–59 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862205
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862205