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Cytology and genetics of forage grasses

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Conclusions

The progress in genetics and cytogenetics of the Gramineae during the past 14 years appears to be fairly comparable in quantity and quality with that made prior to this period. Chromosome numbers are known for more than twice as many species of grasses as were known 14 years ago. Nevertheless, such reports are still unavailable for thousands of the grass species of the world. Some 80% of the grasses are polyploid, and more than were previously recognized have one form or another of apomictic reproduction. Apospory appears to be widespread in the Panicoid grasses.

Significant progress has been made in the analysis of accessory or B-chromosomes. Research in this area, however, has perhaps raised as many questions as, or more than, it has solved.

With few exceptions, information on the inheritance of qualitative characters in the past decade has been limited. This is disappointing, since simply inherited marker traits prove useful in many aspects of genetic and breeding research.

Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization have occupied prominent places in the overall field of cytogenetics and genetics of the Gramineae in recent years. Phylogenetic relationships are being established, basic principles are being elucidated, and valuable plant materials are in the process of development. It appears to the authors that future research will be stimulated and progress will be accelerated as a consequence of the work reviewed here.

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  1. Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, USA

    H. L. Carnahan (Research Agronomist) & Helen D. Hill (Geneticist)

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  1. H. L. Carnahan
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Contribution No. 160 of the U. S. Regional Pasture Research Laboratory, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, University Park, Pa., in cooperation with the 12 Northeastern States.

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Carnahan, H.L., Hill, H.D. Cytology and genetics of forage grasses. Bot. Rev 27, 1–162 (1961). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02860809

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