Summary
The relationships between the frequencies of wild hybrids and certain properties of the parent species and the artificial F1 generation have been investigated from a survey of the literature. There appears to be no correlation between hybrid frequency and the life form of parent species, neither is there any correlation detected between hybrid frequency and the self compatability or otherwise of the parent species. There appears to be a weak correlation between hybrid frequency and the fertility of the artificial F1 generation; also between hybrid frequency and the level of ploidy of the parent species; but neither of these correlations is statistically significant.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Akerman, A. 1921. Untersuchungen über Bastarde zwischenEpilobium hirsutum undEpilobium montanum. Hereditas2: 99–112.
Allan, H. H. 1926. The F1 progeny resulting from crossingCoprosma propinqua withC. robusta. Genetica8:155–160.
—. 1929. The F2 progeny resulting from the crossing ofCoprosma propinqua XC. robusta. Genetica11:335–346.
-. 1931. Significance of hybridism in the New Zealand Flora. Rep. 20th Meet. Aust. and New Zeal. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 429–477.
—, andZotov, V. D. 1937. An artificial cross betweenPhormium tenax andP. colensoi. New Zeal. Jour. Sci. & Tech.18:799–804.
Anderson, E. 1949. Introgressive hybridization. New York
— andHubricht, L. 1938. Hybridization inTradescantia. III. The evidence for introgressive hybridization. Amer. Jour. Bot.25:396–402.
——. 1938. The American sugar maples. I. Phytogenetic relationships as deduced from a study of leaf variation. Bot. Gaz.100:312–324.
Avers, Charlotte J. 1953. Biosystematic studies inAster. Amer. Jour. Bot.40:669–675.
Baker, H. G. 1947. Biological flora British Isles.Melandrium. Jour. Ecol.35:271–292.
Borrill, M. 1958. A biosystematic study of someGlyceria species in Britain. IV. Watsonia4:89–100.
Bradshaw, A. D. 1958. Natural hybridization ofAgrostis tenuis Sibth. andA. stolonifera L. New Phytol.57:66–84.
Church, G. L. 1954. Interspecific hybridization in easternElymus. Rhodora56:185–197.
Clapham, A. R., Tutin, T. G., andWarburg, E. F. 1957. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge.
Clausen, J. 1926. Genetical and cytological investigations onViola tricolor L. andV. arvensis Murr. Hereditas8:1–156.
-. 1951. Stages in the evolution of plant species. New York.
-,Keck, D. D., andHiesey, W. M. 1945. Experimental studies in the nature of species. II. Plant evolution through amphiploidy and autoploidy with examples from the Madiineae. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. 564.
Clifford, H. T. 1958. Studies in British primulas. VI. On introgression between primrose (Primula vulgaris Huds.) and cowslip (P. veris L.), New Phytol.57:1–10.
Compton, R. H. 1913. Further notes onEpilobium hybrids. Jour. Bot.51: 79–85.
Connor, H. E. 1954. Studies in New ZealandAgropyron. New Zeal. Jour. Sci. & Tech. B.52:315–343.
—. 1956. Interspecific hybrids in New ZealandAgropyron. Evolution10:415–420.
Dahlgren, K. V. O. 1948.Verbascum nigrum Xphlomoides, en spontan bastard, ny för Sverige. Svensk Bot. Tidsk.42:484–486.
—. 1952. Chromosomes inGeranium bohemicum andG. lanuginosum with some notes on the hybrid. Hereditas38:314–320.
Dansereau, P. 1941. Études sur les hybrides deCistes. VI. Introgression in the sectionLadanium. Canad. Jour. Res.19:59–67.
-, etLafond, A. 1941. Introgression des caractères de l’Acersaccharophorum Koch et de l’Acernigrum Michx. Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal.37.
Darlington, C. D., andWylie, A. P. 1956. Chromosome atlas of flowering plants. London.
Ehrendorfer, F. 1955. Hybridogene Markmals—Introgression zwischenGalium rubrum L. s. Str. undG. pumilum Murr. s. Str., Öster. Bot. Zeits.102:195–234.
Elliott, F. C. 1949.Bromus inermis andB. pumpellianus in North America. Evolution3:142–149.
Epling, C. 1947. Natural hybridization ofSalvia apiana andS. mellifera. Evolution1:69–78.
—, andLewis, H. 1952. Increase in the adaptive range of the genusDelphinium. Evolution3:252–267.
Focke, W. O. 1881. Die Pflanzen-Mischlinge. Berlin.
Fryxell, P. A. 1957. Mode of reproduction of higher plants. Bot. Rev.23(3): 135–233.
Gajewski, W. 1957. A cytogenetic study of the genusGeum L. Polskie Towarzystwo Bot. Monog. Bot. 4.
Gard, M. 1912. Recherches sur les hybrides artificiels deCistes obtenus par Ed. Bornet. II. Les espèces et les hybrides binaires. Beih. Bot. Centralbl.29(2): 306–394.
Goodwin, R. H. 1937. The cytogenetics of two species ofSolidago and its bearing on their polymorphology in nature. Amer. Jour. Bot.24:425–432.
Hayes, H. K., Immer, F. R., andSmith, D. C. 1955. Methods of plant breeding. New York.
Hakanssen, A. 1929. Die Chromosomen in der KreuzungSalix viminalis Xcapraea of Heribert Nüssen. Hereditas13:1–52.
Heiser, C. B. 1947. Hybridization between the sunflower speciesHelianthus annuus andH. petiolaris. Evolution1:249–262.
—. 1949. Study in the evolution of the sunflower speciesHelianthus annuus andH. bolanderi. Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot.23:157–196.
—. 1951. Hybridization in the annual sunflowersHelianthus annuus XH. debilis var.cucumerifolius. Evolution5:42–51.
—. 1951. Hybridization in the annual sunflowersHelianthus annuus XH. argyrophyllus. Amer. Nat.85:65–72.
Heslop-Harrison, Y. 1953.Nuphar intermedia Ledeb., a presumed relict hybrid in Britain. Watsonia3:7–25.
Holmberg, O. R. 1924. Bromi molles eine nomenklatorische und systematische Untersuchen. Bot. Not: 313–328.
Howard, H. W., andManton, I. 1946. Autopolyploid and allopolyploid watercress with the description of a new species. Ann. Bot., n.s.10: 1–13.
Hutchinson, J. B., Silow, R. A., andStephens, S. G. 1947. The evolution ofGossypium. London.
Jackson, R. C., andGuard, A. T. 1955. Hybridization of perennial sunflowers in Indiana. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci.65:212–217.
——. 1956. Analysis of some natural and artificial interspecific hybrids inHelianthus. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci.66: 306–317.
Jenkin, T. J. 1933. Interspecific and intergeneric hybrids in herbage grasses. Initial crosses. Jour. Genet.28:205–264.
Johnson, L. P. W., andHeimburcer, C. 1946. Preliminary report on interspecific hybridization in forest trees. Canad. Jour. Res. C.24:308–312.
Johnsson, H. 1945. Interspecific hybridization within the genusBetula. Hereditas31:163–176.
Kristofferson, K. B. 1923. Crossings in melanium violets. Hereditas4:251–289.
Long, R. W. 1955. Hybridization in perennial sunflowers. Amer. Jour. Bot.42:769–777.
Love, R. D. 1946. Interspecific hybridization in Stipa. I. Natural hybrids. Amer. Nat.80:189–192.
Marsden-Jones, E. M. 1930. The genetics ofGeum intermedium Willd. haud Ehrh. and its backcrosses. Jour. Genet.23:377–395.
—, andTurrill, W. B. 1954. British knapweeds. Ray. Soc. [London].
Mirov, N. T. 1956. Composition of turpentine of lodge pole X Jack pine hybrids. Canad. Jour. Bot.34:443–457.
Moore, D. M. 1958. Biological flora British Isles No. 190.Viola lactea. Jour. Ecol.46:527–535.
Muntzing, A. 1930. Outlines to a genetic monograph of the genusGaleopsis. Hereditas13:185–341.
Nilsson, F. 1931. Die HybrideBromus hordaceus L. XBromus mollis L. experimentell Aargestellt. Bot. Not.: 1–9.
—. 1935. Amphiploidy in the hybridFestuca arundinacea Xgigantea. Hereditas20:181–198.
Ownbey, M. 1950. Natural hybridization and amphiploidy in the genusTragopogon. Amer. Jour. Bot.37:487–99.
Peto, F. H. 1933. The cytology of certain intergeneric hybrids betweenFestuca andLolium Jour. Genet.28:113–156.
—. 1938. Cytology of poplar species and natural hybrids. Canad. Jour. Res.16C:445–455.
Powers, L., andRollins, R. C. 1943. Reproduction and pollination studies on guayule,Parthenium arentatum Gray andP. incarnum H. B. R. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron.37:96–112.
Pugsley, H. W. 1927.Primula hybrids. Jour. Bot. [London]65:351.
Raunkaier C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford.
Ray, P. M., andChisaki, H. F. 1957. Studies inAmsinckia. I. A synopsis of the genus with a study of heterostyly in it. Amer. Jour. Bot.44:529–536.
——. 1957. Studies inAmsinckia. II. Relationships among primitive species. Amer. Jour. Bot.44:537–544.
——. 1957. Studies inAmsinckia. III. Aneuploid diversification in the Muricatae. Amer. Jour. Bot.44:545–554.
Richardson, J. A. 1957. The development of orchid populations in claypits in County Durham. Proc. Bot. Soc. Brit. Isles2:354–361.
Richie, J. G. 1955. A natural hybrid inVaccinium. I. The structure, performance and chorology of the crossVaccinium intermedium Ruthe. New Phytol.54:49–67.
—. 1955. A natural hybrid inVaccinium. II. Genetic studies inVaccinium intermedium Ruthe. New Phytol.54:320–335.
Richter, F. I., andStockwell, P. 1946.Pinus: The fertile species hybrid between knobcone and Monterey pines. Madrono8:157–160.
——. 1949. The fertile species hybrid,Pinus murraybanksiana. Madrono10:65–69.
Rollins, R. C. 1944. Evidence for natural hybridity between guayule (Parthenium argentatum) and mariola (Parthenium incanum) Amer. Jour. Bot.31:93–99.
—. 1945. Interspecific hybridization inParthenium. I. Crosses between guayule (P. argentatum) and mariola (P. incanum). Amer. Jour. Bot.32:395–404.
—. 1957. Interspecific hybridization inLesquerella (Cruciferae). Contr. Gray Herb.181:34.
Rolfe, R. A. 1908. Flowers of natural hybrid odontoglossums with their parents. Darwin-Wallace Celebration Vol. Linn. Soc.: 67–72.
Rosser, E. M. 1955. A new British species ofSenecio. Watsonia3:228–232.
Smith, D. M., andGuard, A. T. 1958. Hybridization betweenHelianthus divaricatus andH. microcephalus. Brittonia10:137–145.
Stebbins, G. L. 1950. Variation and evolution in the plant kingdom. Oxford.
— andFerlan, L. 1956. Population variability, hybridization and introgression in some species ofOphrys. Evolution10:32–46.
Stockwell, P., andRichter, F. I. 1946.Pinus: The fertile species hybrid between knobcone and Monterey pines. Madroño8:157–160.
Thompson, R. C., Whitaker, T. W., andKosar, W. F. 1941. Interspecific genetic relationships inLactuca. Jour. Agr. Res.63:91–107.
Valentine, D. H. 1941. Variation inViola riviniana Rchb. New Phytol.40: 189–209.
—. 1947. Studies in British primulas. I. Hybridization between primrose (Primula vulgaris Huds. andP. elatior Schreb.) New Phytol.46: 229–253.
-. 1949. Vegetative and cytological variation inViola riviniana Rchb. British Flowering Plants and Modern Systematic Methods. London.
—. 1952. Studies in British primulas. III. Hybridization betweenPrimula elatior (L.) Hill. andP. veris L. New Phytol.50:383–399.
—. 1955. Studies in British primulas. IV. Hybridization betweenPrimula vulgaris Huds. andP. veris L. New Phytol.54:70–80.
Warren, E. 1931. A statistical study of certain interspecific plant hybrids and backcrosses. Ann. Natal Museum6:363–419.
Wetmore, R. H., andDelisle, A. L. 1939. Studies in the genetics and cytology of two species in the genusAster. Amer. Jour. Bot.26:1–11.
Whitaker, T. W. 1944. The inheritance of certain characters in a cross of two American species ofLactuca. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club71:347–355.
Yarnell, S. H. 1933. Inheritance in an oak species hybrid. Jour. Am. Arb.14:68–75.
Zirkle, C. 1935. The beginnings of plant hybridization. Philadelphia.
Zobel, B. 1951. The natural hybrid between Coulter and Jeffrey pines. Evolution5:405–413.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Clifford, H.T. Factors affecting the frequencies of wild plant hybrids. Bot. Rev 27, 561–579 (1961). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02860106
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02860106