Abstract
Yield response curves were developed for potatoes (Solanum tuberosum cv. Russet Burbank) with sprinkler-applied N fertilizer on a high-frequency schedule. The potatoes were grown on a Quincy sand to loamy sand (mixed, mesic, Xeric Torripsamments) typical of sandy-textured soils of the center-pivot irrigated areas of the Columbia River Basin of Oregon and Washington. These soils require daily irrigation at peak evapotranspiration because of low water-holding capacity. Yields were measured for total quantities of N, ranging from 100 to 665 kg N/ha, applied in small frequent increments as a urea-NH4NO3 solution. Maximum tuber yields ranged from 67 to 85 Mg/ha in 6 experiments over a period of 6 years. Economically optimum yields were obtained at fertilizer rates between 300 and 400 kg N/ha depending on cost-price ratio of N fertilizer and potatoes. Fertilization in this range should optimize tuber yield and quality with fertilizer N efficiency and economic return on fertilizer investment.
Resumen
Se desarrollaron curvas de rendimiento para papas (Solanum tuberosum cv. Russet Burbank) como respuesta a la aplicación, por aspersión, de fertilizante nitrogenado, en un programa de alta frecuencia. Las papas fueron cultivadas en arena o migajón arenoso Quincy (mezclado, mesic, Xeric Torripsamments) típico de los suelos con textura arenosa de las áreas irrigadas centrales de la cuenca del río Columbia de Oregón y Washington. Estos suelos requieren ser irrigados diariamente a máxima evapotranspiración debido a su baja capacidad de retentividad de agua. Los rendimientos fueron medidos para las cantidades totales deN, variando de 100 a 665 kg N/ha, aplicados en incrementos frecuentes y pequeños como una solución de úrea — NH4NO3. El máximo de los rendimientos en tubérculos varió de 67 a 85 Mg/ha en 6 experimentos en un período de 6 años. Económicamente, se obtuvieron rendimientos óptimos con cantidades de fertilizante entre 300 y 400 kg N/ha dependiendo de la relación costo/precio del fertilizante nitrogenado y las papas. La fertilización en estos límites debe optimizar el rendimiento en tubérculos y la calidad con la eficiencia del fertilizante nitrogenado y el ingreso económico en la inversión hecha en el fertilizante.
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Contribution from USDA, Agricultural Research Service, in cooperation with the College of Agriculture and Home Economics Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman. Scientific Paper No. 6332 of the latter.
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Lauer, D.A. Russet Burbank yield response to sprinkler-applied nitrogen fertilizer. American Potato Journal 63, 61–69 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853683
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853683