Abstract
Nitrogen and water are important factors influencing potato production, and crop response to these two factors may vary with cultivars. The yield response of two potato cultivars (Russet Burbank and Shepody) to six rates of N fertilization (0-250 kg N ha-1) with and without supplemental irrigation was studied at four onfarm sites in each of three years, 1995 to 1997, in the upper St-John River Valley of New Brunswick, Canada. On average, irrigation increased total yield from 31.9t ha-1 without irrigation to 38.41 ha-1 with irrigation and marketable yield from 25.61 ha-1 without irrigation to 30.71 ha-1 with irrigation. Potato yields were increased by irrigation at nine out of the 12 sites, and the irrigation response was similar for both cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased both total and marketable yields at all sites except one. The yield response to N fertilization was greater with irrigation. The N fertilization rate (Nmax) required to reach maximum total and marketable yield, however, was similar with and without irrigation. A large variation in Nmax was observed among sites. With irrigation Nmax varied between 158 and 233 kgN ha-1 for total yield, and between 151 and 250 kg N ha-1 for marketable yield. There was no interaction between N fertilization and potato cultivar for both total and marketable yields. The two cultivars had similar total yields (35 t ha-1). Shepody, however, had a greater marketable yield (28.9 t ha-1) than Russet Burbank (27.4 t ha-1). Our results indicate that the response to two of the most significant factors of potato production, irrigation and N fertilization, varies greatly with sites and climatic conditions, and that field specific recommendations are required for the optimum management of N and irrigation.
Resumen
El nitrógeno y el agua son factores importantes que influyen en la producción de la papa, y la reacción de la cosecha antes estos dos factores puede variar con diferentes cultivares. La reacción de rendimiento de dos cultivares de papa (Russet Burbank y Shepody) antes seis medidas de fertilizante N (0-250 kg N Ha-1) con y sin irrigación suplementaria se estudió en dos lotes en granja durante cada uno de los tres años, 1995–1997, en la parte superior del Valle del Río St-John en New Brunswick, Canadá. En un p romedio, la irrigación aumentó el rendimiento total de 31.91 ha-1 sin irrigación a 38.4 t ha-1 con irrigación y al rendimiento comerciable de 25.61 ha- 1 sin irrigación a 30.71 t ha-1 con irrigación. Los rendimientos de la papa aumentaron a causa de la irrigación en 9 de los 12 lotes, y el resultado de la irrigación fue similar para los dos cultivares. La fertilización con nitrógeno aumentó notablemente tanto los rendimientos totales y comerciables en todos los lotes menos uno. El rendimiento ante la fertilización N fue mayor con irrigación. La tasa de fertilización N (Nmax) que es necesaria para alcanzar el rendimiento total y comerciable, sin embargo, fue similar con y sin irrigación. Se observó una gran variación en Nmax en los lotes. Con irrigación, Nmax varió entre 158 y 233 kg N ha-1 en el rendimiento total, y entre 151 y 250 kg N ha-1 en el rendimiento comerciable. No había ninguna interacción entre la fertilización N y el cultivar de la papa para los rendimientos tanto totales como comerciables. Los dos cultivares tuvieron rendimientos totales similares 35 t ha-1). Shepody, sin embargo, tuvo un rendimiento comerciable mayor (28.9 t ha-1) que Russet Burbank (27.4t ha-1). Nuestros resultados indican que la respuesta a dos de los factores más significativos en la producción de la papa, la irrigación y la fertilización N, varía mucho entre lotes y condiciones climáticas, y que unas recomendaciones de campo específicas son necesarias para el manejo óptimo de N y de la irrigation.
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Bélanger, G., Walsh, J.R., Richards, J.E. et al. Yield response of two potato culivars to supplemental irrigation and N fertilization in New Brunswick. Am. J. Pot Res 77, 11–21 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853657
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853657