Skip to main content
Log in

Scanning electron microscope observations of the development of sporophores ofColletotrichum atramentarium (B. et Br.) Taub. on infected potato periderm

  • Published:
American Potato Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Sections of potato periderm (1cm2), bearing sclerotia ofC. atramentarium were incubated for 16 days at 25°C, fixed in OsO4 vapor at room temperature, dehydrated in a graded ethanol series and stored in 100% ethanol. Fixed specimens were coated with gold and examined with a Stereoscan electron microscope. Initial observations revealed numerous sclerotia and non-spore producing acervuli. After 16 days acervuli in various stages of development were observed. Initial development consisted of periderm swellings caused by a sclerotial body which enlarged to occupy an entire cork cell and eventually ruptured the periderm. A palisade layer formed from which setae developed, and apical ends of conidiophores were evident. Further development of the palisade layer was partially obscured by extrusion of a mucilaginous layer. Cylindrical, single-celled conidia (2.2–3.8u x 14.4–19u) were extruded through the mucilaginous matrix. Remnants of periderm wall were associated with acervuli and conidia lay in closely packed masses around the bases of mature acervuli. Conidia washed from spore producing acervuli onto PDA, germinated within 24 hours at room temperature. Electron scan is a rapid method for following acervulus development ofC. atramentarium on diseased potato periderm and demonstrates the feasibility of studying other potato periderm diseases with this technique.

Resumen

Secciones de periderma de papa (1 cm2), conteniendo esclerotes deColletotrichum atramentarium fueron incubadas por 16 días a 25° C, fijados en vapor de Os O4 temperatura ambiente, deshidratadas en una serie escalonada de etanol y guardadas en etanol 100%. Los especímenes fijados fueron revestidos con oro y examinados con un microscopio electrónico Stereoscan. Las observaciones iniciales mostraron numerosos esclerotes y acérvulos no esporulantes. Después de 16 días se observaron acérvulos en diferentes estados de desarrollo. El desarrollo inicial consistió de hinchazones peridermales causadas por un cuerpo esclerótico que se agrandó hasta ocupar una céula corchosa completa y eventualmente causó la ruptura del periderma. Se formó una capa de células de palisada de las cuales se desarrollaron setas, y se evidenciaron las puntas apicales de conidióforos. Un mayor desarrollo de la capa de palisada fue ocultada parcialmente por la expulsión de una capa mucilaginosa. A través de la matriz mucilaginosa fueron expulsadas conidias cilíndricas y unicelulares (2.2–3.8u x 14.4–19u). Restos de pared epidermal estaban asociados con acérvulos; las conidias yacían en masas compactas alrededor de las bases de acérvulos maduros. Conidias lavadas de acérvulos esporulantes en medio agar-papa-dextrosa, germinaron dentro de un período de 24 horas a temperatura ambiente. El escandilado electrónico es un método rápido para seguir el desarrollo de acérvulos deC. atramentarium en periderma enfermo de papa y demuestra la factibilidad de estudiar otras enfermedades peridermales con este método.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  1. Blakeman, J. P. and D. Hornby. 1966. The persistence ofColletotrichum coccodes andMycosphaerella ligulicola in soil, with special reference to sclerotia and conidia. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 49: 227–240.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dickson, B. T. 1922. Plant diseases in Quebec. Annu. Rep. Que. Soc. Prot. Plants Rep 14; 52–57.

  3. Dickson, B. T. 1926. The ‘black dot’ disease of potato. Phytopathology 16: 23–40.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gemeinhardt, H. 1955. Zur frage des saprophytismus vonColletotrichum atramentarium (B. et Br.) Taub. Nachrichten bl Dtsch Pflanzenschutzdienst (Berlin) N.F. 9: 128–133.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Griffiths, D. A. and W. P. Campbell. 1972. Fine structure of conidial development inColletotrichum atramentarium. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 59: 483–489.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Schmiedeknecht, M. 1956. Untersuchung der parastismus vonColletotrichum atramentarium (B. et Br.) Taub. an Kartoffelstanden (Solanum tuberosum L.) Phytopathol. Z. 26: 1–30.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Williams, S. T. and F. L. Davies. 1967. Use of scanning electron microscope for the examination of Actinomycetes. J. Gen. Microbiol. 48: 171–177.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

McIntyre, G.A., Rusanowski, C. Scanning electron microscope observations of the development of sporophores ofColletotrichum atramentarium (B. et Br.) Taub. on infected potato periderm. American Potato Journal 52, 269–275 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852989

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852989

Keywords

Navigation