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Effects of substituted nitroguanidine seed treatments on the potato variety Superior

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Abstract

In earlier reports, foliar applications of AC 243,654, a substituted benzyl nitroguanidine with cytokinin-like activity, increased yields of larger tubers and altered plant morphology of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in greenhouse tests. AC 243,654 was applied as seed tuber treatments to the potato variety Superior. Applications were 0.2 to 10% active ingredient (ai) dusts and 0.04 to 5% ai dips. All seed treatments increased the number of sprouts per tuber. The higher concentrations of seed treatments decreased stem height, and increased stem/branch number, plant dry weight and the number of tubers. Dust and dip treatments of 0.2 and 1% increased the yield (11 to 33%) of tubers < 38 mm in greenhouse tests. Higher rates decreased yields. In field trials, dust applications of AC 243,654 and its analog AC 89,470, the unsubstituted benzyl nitroguanidine, at 0.1 and 0.4% ai increased total and US #1 (< 47 mm diameter) yields between 10 and 18%; and 8 to 18%, respectively. The high rate of 10% ai of either compound decreased yield. AC 239,604, a substituted phenyl nitroguanidine, as a 0.1 % ai dust increased yields 21% while higher rates decreased them. Based on combined greenhouse and field data, AC 243,654 dust applications > 2% ai increased yields while greater application rates decreased yields.

Compendio

En informes anteriores, las aplicaciones foliares de AC 243,654, una benzil-nitroguanidina substituída, con actividad similar a la citoquinina, incrementó los rendimientos de tubérculos más grandes y alteró la morfología de las plantas de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en pruebas de invernadero. AC 243,654 fue aplicada como tratamiento de los tubérculossemillas a la variedad Superior de papa. Las aplicaciones fueron de 0.2 a 10% de ingrediente activo (ia) en polvo y 0.4 a 5% de ia en inmersión. Todos los tratamientos de semilla incrementaron el número de brotes por tubérculo. Los tratamientos de concentraciones más altas disminuyeron la altura de los tallos e incrementaron el número de ramas por tallo, el peso seco por planta y el número de tubérculos. Los tratamientos en polvo y por inmersión de 0.2 a 1% incrementaron elrendimiento (11a33%) de tubérculos < 38 mm en las pruebas de invernadero. Las dosis mayores disminuyeron los rendimientos. En ensayos de campo, las aplicaciones en polvo de AC 243,654 y de su análoga AC 89,470, de benzil-nitroguanidina no substituída, a 0.1 y 0.4% de ia, incrementaron los rendimientos totales y de US Pt1 (< 47 mm de diámetro) entre 10 y 18% y 8 a 18%, respectivamente. La dosis alta de 10% de ia, de cualesquiera de los compuestos, disminuyó el rendimiento. AC 239,604, una benzil-nitroguanidina substituída, como un polvo con 0.1% de ia incrementó los rendimientos en 21% mientras que las dosis más altas los disminuyeron. Basándose en la combinación de datos de invernadero y campo, las aplicaciones en polvo de AC 243,654, > 2% de ia, incrementaron los rendimientos mientras que las de dosis mayores los disminuyeron.

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Published as Journal Series Number 10479 of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division.

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Pavlista, A.D. Effects of substituted nitroguanidine seed treatments on the potato variety Superior. American Potato Journal 71, 395–404 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02849402

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