Abstract
Potato yield improvement in the United States has concentrated on cultural practices, disease eradication, and the development through breeding programs of new, disease-resistant, high yielding potato cultivars. Three strains of Norgold Russet—M, #35 and #19—have increased yields and vigor, and mature later than “regular” Norgold Russet. In trials conducted in Texas at Hereford (7 years), Olton (6 years) and Springlake (4 years), these strains have shown an average of 33, 29 and 20% increase in total yields, respectively. At Hermiston, Oregon (3 years), the mean total yield increases were 10, 17 and 12%, respectively. Strains M and #35 are more vigorous, and they mature 10 to 15 days later than Norgold Russet. Strain #19 is the most vigorous and upright of the strains; it matures 20 to 25 days later than regular Norgold Russet. Of all the Norgold Russet strains, strain M is the most popular. From Superior, a strain, New Superior, which matures 15 to 20 days later and is more vigorous, was selected. In Florida, New Superior’s yields averaged 26% greater than regular Superior but the specific gravity and chip color were not changed. Two strains of Red La Soda—#5 and #10—were selected for their earlier maturity. Strain #10 matures 7 to 10 days earlier than regular Red La Soda, and strain #5 matures 15 to 17 days earlier. However, these strains yield less. In Texas, at Olton (3 years) and Springlake (2 years), yields were reduced 23 and 34% for strains #10 and #5, respectively
Compendio
El mejoramiento del rendimiento de la papa en los Estados Unidos se ha concentrado en prácticas culturales, erradicación de enfermedades y el desarrollo, por medio de programas de mejoramiento, de nuevos cultivares resistentes a enfermedades y de alto rendimiento. Tres variantes de Norgold Russet—M, #35 y #19—han incrementado rendimientos y vigor y maduran más tarde que Norgold Russet “normal.” En ensayos conducidos en Texas, siete años en Hereford, seis en Olton y cuatro en Springlake, estas variantes han mostrado un incremento promedio de 33, 29 y 20% en rendimientos totales, respectivamente. Tres años en Hermiston, Oregon, los incrementos totales promedio de rendimiento fueron 10, 17 y 12%, respectivamente. Las variantes M y #35 son más vigorosas y maduran 10 a 15 días más tarde que Norgold Russet. La variante #19 en las más vigorosa y confiable de las variantes; madura 20 a 25 días más tarde que Norgold Russet. De todas las variantes de Norgold Russet, la variante M es la más popular. De Superior, se seleccionó una variante, la New Superior, que madura 15 a 20 días más tarde y es más vigorosa. En Florida, los rendimientos de New Superior promediaron 26% más que Superior, pero la gravedad específica y el color de las papas fritas a la inglesa no cambiaron. Dos variantes de Red La Soda—#5 y #10—fueron seleccionadas por su madurez más temprana. La variante #10 madura siete a diez días más temprano que la Red La Soda “normal” y la variante #5 madura 15 a 17 días antes que la misma. Sin embargo, estas variantes rinden menos. En Texas, tres años en Olton, y dos en Springlake, los rendimientos se redujeron en 23 y 34%, para las variantes #10 y #5, respectivamente
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Bald, J.G. and C.W. Oldaker. 1950. Testing and maintenance of potato clones. Empire J ExptAgric 18:95–104.
Carson, G.P. and H.W. Howard. 1944. Inheritance of the “bolter” condition in the potato. Nature 154:829.
Eskridge, K.M. and R.F. Mumm. 1992. Choosing plant cultivars based on the probability of outperforming a check. Theor Appl Genet 84:494–500.
Johansen, R.H. 1965. Norgold Russet, a new, early maturing potato variety with good type and scab resistance. Am Potato J 42:201–204.
Love, S.L., A.L. Thompson, T.P. Baker and D.L. Corsini. 1992. Comparison of Russet Burbank clones from various geographical regions of the United States and Canada. Am Potato J 69:299–307.
Miller, J.C. 1954. Selection of desirable somatic mutations; a means of potato improvement. Am Potato J 31:358–359.
Miller, Jr., J.C. and D.G. Smallwood. 1985. Texas variety development and testing.In: National Potato Germplasm Evaluation and Enhancement Report, ed. R.E. Webb, #56, p. 157–166.
Miller, Jr., J.C. and D.G. Smallwood. 1991. Texas variety development and testing.In: National Potato Germplasm Evaluation and Enhancement Report, ed. K.G. Haynes, #62, p. 185–191.
Pavlista, A.D. 1992. Nebraska potato cultivar trials.In: National Potato Germplasm Evaluation and Enhancement Report, ed. K.G. Haynes, #63 (in press).
Rieman, G.H. 1962. Superior: a new white, medium-maturing, scab-resistant potato variety with high chipping quality. Am Potato J 39:19–28.
Stanton, W.R. 1952. Bolting, a vegetative variation in the potato. Heredity 6:37–53.
Webb, R.E. and J.C. Miller. 1954. Red La Soda—a mutation of La Soda. Am Potato J 31:40–43.
Yarwood, C.E. 1946. Increased yield and disease resistance of giant hill potatoes. Am Potato J 23:352–369.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Published as Journal Series Number 10388 of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02849291.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Leever, G., Trank, W.A., Shaver, G. et al. Norgold russet, superior and red la soda strains selected for potato cultivar improvement in Nebraska. American Potato Journal 71, 133–143 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02849048
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02849048