Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

L-shell ionization of atoms and their subsequent decay by radiative and non-radiative transitions

  • Special Issue On Proceedings Of The XI National Conference On Atomic And Molecular Physics
  • Published:
Pramana Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study of the ionization of atoms resulting in vacancies in their inner shells and the subsequent decay of the atomic-vacancy states by x-ray and Auger transitions continue to be an active area of interest. A rapid survey of the theoretical efforts to calculate the transition probabilities involvingL-subshells in the high-Z atoms is presented. A complete review of theL 1-subshell yields for single-vacancy atomic states obtained by various experimental techniques is included. The production of multiple vacancies in theL shell and the role of the spectator vacancies in the decay process is discussed. A detailed case study of determining experimentally the number of multiple vacancies produced, and the x-ray fluorescence yields during ionization by heavy-ion bombardment is presented. It is established that the effect of spectator vacancies is to increase the x-ray fluorescence yields substantially.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W Bambynek, B Crasemann, R W Fink, H U Freund, H Mark, C D Swift, R E Price and P Venugopala Rao,Rev. Mod. Phys. 44, 716 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. P Venugopala Rao inAtomic Innershell Processes II edited by B Crasemann, (New York, Academic, 1975), p. 1

    Google Scholar 

  3. J H Hubbell, Gaithersberg, NIST Internal Report 89-4144 (1989)

  4. W Jitschin inX-ray and Inner-shell Processes edited by T A Carlson, M O Krause and S T Manson, AIP Conference Proceedings 215, p. 408 (1990)

  5. J H Scofield,Phys. Rev. A18, 1963 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. D Markevich and B Budick,J. Phys. B14, 1553 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. J L Campbell, L A McNelles, J S Geiger, R L Graham and J S Merritt,Can. J. Phys. 52, 488 (1974);53, 1349 (1975)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. J S Merritt,Can. J. Phys. 53, 1349 (1975)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. M Tan, R A Braga, R W Fink and P Venugopala Rao,Phys. Scr. 37, 62 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. W Jitschin, G Materlik, U Werner and P Funke,J. Phys. B18, 139 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  11. J W Cooper, inAtomic Innershell Processes I edited by B Crasemann (Academic, New York, 1975) p. 159

    Google Scholar 

  12. J H Scofield, Lawrence Livermore Radiation Laboratory, Report No. UCRL-51326 (1973)

  13. U Werner and J W Jitschin,Phys. Rev. A38, 4009 (1988)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. W J Jitschin, G Grosse and P Rohl,Phys. Rev. A39, 103 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. S L Sorenson, R Carr, S J Schaphorst, S B Whitfield and B Crasemann,Phys. Rev. A39, 6241 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. H P Kelly,Phys. Rev. A11, 556 (1975)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. D Petrini,J. Phys. B14, 3839 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. B F Davis and K T Chung,Phys. Rev. A36, 1948 (1987);37, 111 (1988);39, 3942 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. C A Nicolaides and T Mercouris,Phys. Rev. A36, 390 (1987)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. I P Grant, B J Mckenzie, P H Norrington, D F Mayers and N C Pyper,Comp. Phys. Commun. 21, 207 (1980)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. M H Chen,Phys. Rev. A31, 1449 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. M H Chen inX-Ray and Inner-shell Processes edited by T A Carlson, M O Krause and S T Manson, AIP Conference Proceedings (1990) 215, p. 391

  23. M H Chen, B Crasemann and H Mark,Phys. Rev. A24, 117 (1981) M H Chen (private communication) (1991)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. P Venugopala Rao and M H Chen,Abstract Presented at the X-96 Conference (Hamburg, 1966)

  25. M O Krause,J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 8, 307 (1979)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. P A Indira, I J Unus, P Venugopala Rao and R W Fink,J. Phys. B12, 1351 (1979)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. P Venugopala Rao,Abstract Presented at the International Conference on Physics of X-ray Spectra (Gaithersberg, Maryland, 1976)

    Google Scholar 

  28. J L Campbell, L A McNelles, J S Geiger, J S Merritt and R L Graham,Can. J. Phys. 55, 868 (1977)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. P Venugopal Rao,Abstract presented at the International Conference on X-ray and Inner-Shell Precesses (Knoxville, 1990)

  30. P Venugopal Rao, R E Wood and V R Veluri,J. Phys. B10, 399 (1977)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. G Basbas, W Brandt and R Laubert,Phys. Rev. A7, 983 (1973);A17, 1655 (1978)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. G Basbas, W Brandt and R H Ritche,Phys. Rev. A7, 1971 (1973)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. W Brandt and G Lapicki,Phys. Rev. A7, 474 (1974)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. G Lapicki and W Losonsky,Phys. Rev. A15, 896 (1977)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. G Lapicki, R Laubert and W Brandt,Phys. Rev. A22, 1889 (1980)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. L Sarkadi and T Mukoyama,J. Phys. B14, L255 (1981);Nucl. Instrum. Methods 232, 296 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  37. L Sarkadi,Nucl. Instrum. Methods B9, 127 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. D K Olsen, C F Moore and P Richard,Phys. Rev. A7, 1244 (1973)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. G Bissinger, P H Nettles, S M Shafroth and A W Waltner,Phys. Rev. A10, 1932 (1974)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. P G Burkhalter, A R Knudsen and D J Nagel,Phys. Rev. A7, 1936 (1973)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. T K Li, D L Clark, G W Greenless,Phys. Rev. Lett. 37, 1209 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. J H Scofield,Phys. Rev. 179, 9 (1969)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. P Venugopala Rao, R G Albridge, A V Ramayya, M C Andrews, R Mehta, F D McDaniel and P D Miller,Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on the Application of Small Accelerators (Denton, Texas, 1980)

  44. D Bhattacharya, A Roy, S K Bhattacharjee and S K Mitra,J. Phys. B15, 769 (1982)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. W Jitschin, R Hippler, K Finck, R Schuh and H O Lutz,J. Phys. B15, 768 (1982)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. A P Jesus, J S Lopes and J P Ribeiro,J. Phys. B18, 2453 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. F W Saris and D Ondarderlinden,Physica 49, 441 (1970)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. F P Larkins,J. Phys. B4, L29 (1971)

  49. W A Schonfeldt, GSI-Report 81-7 (Damstadt, 1981)

  50. W Uchai, G Lapicki, W T Milner, S Raman, P Venugopala Rao and C R Vane,J. Phys. B18, L389 (1985)

  51. J P Desclaux,Comput. Phys. Commun. 9, 31 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. W Uchai, Ph.D. ThesisL-subshell ionization in Yb, Ta, Ha, Pt, Au, Pb and Th by 107 MeV Ag(6+) ion bombardment (Emory University, 1985)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Emory University, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    P Venugopala Rao

Authors
  1. P Venugopala Rao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P Venugopala Rao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Venugopala Rao, P. L-shell ionization of atoms and their subsequent decay by radiative and non-radiative transitions. Pramana - J Phys 50, 669–681 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02846054

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02846054

Keywords

PACS No.

Search

Navigation