Skip to main content
Log in

The Co-Cr (Cobalt-Chromium) system

  • Published:
Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Cited references

  1. E Wever and U. Hashimoto, “On the Properties of the Co-Cr Binary System,”Mitt. Kaiser-Wilhem-Inst. Eisenforsch., 11, 293–308 (1929) in German. (Equi Diagram, Meta Phases, Magnetism; Experimental; #)

    Google Scholar 

  2. F. Wever and H. Lange, “On The Temperature Dependence of the Magnetic Properties in Co-Cr Alloys,”Mitt. Kaiser-Wilhelm-Inst. Eisenforch., 12, 353–363 (1930) in German. (Equi Diagram, Meta Phases, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Y. Matsunaga, “On the Equilibrium Diagram of the Cobalt-Chromium System,”Kinzoku-no-Kenkyu, 8, 549–561 (1931) in Japanese. (Equi Diagram, Magnetism; Experimental; #)

    Google Scholar 

  4. A.R. Elsa, A.B. Westerman, and G.K. Manning, “The Cobalt-Chromium Binary System,”Trans. AIME, 185, 579–602 (1949). (Equi Diagram, Meta Phases; Experimental; #)

    Google Scholar 

  5. G.J. Dickins, A.M.B. Douglas, and W.H. Taylor, “Sigma-Phase in the Co-Cr and Fe-Cr Systems,”J. Iron Steel Inst., 167, 27 (1951). (Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  6. J.S. Kasper, B.F. Decker, and J.R. Belanger, “The Crystal Structure of the Sigma-Phase in the Co-Cr System,”J. Appl. Phys., 22, 361–362 (1951). (Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. A.G. Metcalfe, “Thermal and Dilatometric Investigation of the Alloys of Cobalt with Chromium and Molybdenum,”Trans. AIME, 197, 357–364 (1953). (Equi Diagram; Experimental; #)

    Google Scholar 

  8. M.V. Nevitt and P.A. Beck, “Curie Temperatures of Binary and Ternary Sigma Phases,”Trans. AIME, 203, 669–674 (1955). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  9. G.J. Dickins, A.M.B. Douglas, and W.H. Taylor, “The Crystal Structure of the Co-Cr σ Phase,”Acta. Crystallogr., 9, 297–303 (1956). (Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J.S. Kasper and R.M. Waterstrat, “Ordering of Atoms in the σ Phase,”Acta Crystallogr., 9, 289–295 (1956).(Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. J. Crangle, “The Magnetization of Cobalt-Manganese and Cobalt-Chromium Alloys,”Philos. Mag., 2, 659–668 (1957). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. H.P. Stüwe, “Description of the Sigma Phase as a Structure with Sphere Packing,”Trans. AIME, 215, 408–411 (1959). (Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  13. E.K. Zakharov and B.G. Livshits,Izu. V.U.Z. Cheraya Metall., 11, 105–112 (1960) in Russian. (Meta Phases, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  14. A.T. Grigorev, E. Yu-Pu, and E.M. Sokolovkaya, “Solid State Transformations in the Cobalt-Rich Region of the Chromium-Cobalt System,”Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 6, 827–830 (1961). (Equi Diagram, Meta Phases; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  15. S.H. Algie and E.O. Hall, “Site Ordering in Some σ Phase Structures,”Acta Crystallogr, 20, 142 (1966). (Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. E.O. Hall and S.H. Algie, “The Sigma Phase,”Met. Rev., 11, 61–88 (1966). (Crys Structure; Review)

    Google Scholar 

  17. K. Kimoto, I. Nishida, “An Electron Diffraction Study on the Crystal Structure of a New Modification of Chromium,”J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 22, 744–756 (1967). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Y. Endoh and T. Ishikawa, “Antiferromagnetism of Dilute Cr Alloys with Co and Ni,”J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 24, 263–270 (1968). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. A.F. Giamei, J. Burma, S. Rabin, M. Cheng, and E.J. Freise, “The Role of the Allotropic Transformation in Cobalt-Base Alloys,”Cobalt, 40, 140–155 (1968). (Meta Phases; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  20. A.K. Sinha, “Close-Packed Ordered AB3 Structures in Binary Transition Metal Alloys,”Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 245, 237–240 (1969). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  21. W Krajewski, J. Kruger, and H. Winterhager, “Al-lotropic Change and Thermal Expansion of Pure Cobalt, Cobalt-Chromium and Cobalt-Iron Alloys,”Metall, 24, 480–487 (1970). (Meta Phases; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. Chiba, “Mobility of Interphase Boundary in Metals,” Ph. D. thesis, Tohoku Univ. Sendai, Japan (1971). (Equi Diagram; Experimental, Theory)

    Google Scholar 

  23. I.M. Sharshakov, V.S. Postnikov, D.E. Soldatenko, and L.V. Nikoforova, “Phase Transformations in Co-Mn and Co-Cr Alloys,”Fiz. Met. Metalloved., 31, 1114–1117 (1971) in Russian; TR:Phys. Met Metallogr., 31, 231–234 (1971). (Meta Phases; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  24. N. Yukawa, M. Hida, T. Imura, M. Kawamura, and Y. Mizuno, “Structure of Chromium-Rich Cr-Ni, Cr-Fe, Cr-Co and Cr-Ni-Fe Alloy Particles Madeby Evaporation in Argon,”Metall. Trans., 3, 887–895 (1972). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. S. Arajs, K.V. Rao, H.U. Åström, and T.F. De Young, “Determination of Néel Temperatures of Binary Chromium Alloysfrom Electrical Resistivity Data,”Phys. Scr., 8, 109–112 (1973). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. H.B. Bell, J.P. Hajra, F.H. Putland, and P.J. Spencer, “The Determination of the Thermodynamic Properties of Cobalt-Chromium Alloys Using Solid-Electriolyte EMF and High Temperature Calorimetric Techniques,”Met. Sci. J., 7, 185–190 (1973). (Thermo; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, “Calculation of the Binary Phase Diagrams of Iron, Chromium, Nickel and Cobalt,”Z. Metallkd., 64, 249–257 (1973). (Thermo; Theory)

    Google Scholar 

  28. L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, “Calculation of Superalloy Phase Diagrams: Part-III,”Metall. Trans. A, 6, 2115–2122 (1975). (Thermo; Theory)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. K. Fukamichi, N. Fukuda, and H. Saito, “Invar and Elinvar Characteristics in Nonferromagnetic Cr-Co Dilute Binary Alloys,”Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met, 17, 125–130 (1976). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  30. V.N. Gudzenko and A.F. Polesya, “Structure of Ni-V and Co-Cr Alloys Rapidly Cooled from the Liquid State,”Fiz. Met Metalloved, 41, 1106–1109 (1976) in Russian; TR:Phys. Met. Metallogr., 41, 189–193(1976). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  31. J. Van Der Rest and J. Giner, “Density of States, Enthalpy of Formation and Occurrence of the Sigma Phase in Transitional Alloys,”Philos. Mag., 33, 785–799 (1976). (Thermo; Theory)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. C. Allibert, C. Bernard, N. Valignat, and M. Dombre, “Co-Cr Binary System: Experimental Re-Determination of the Phase Diagram and Comparison with the Diagram Calculated from the Thermodynamic Data,”J. Less-Common Met, 59, 211–228 (1978). (Equi Diagram, Meta Phases, Crys Structure, Thermo; Theory; #)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. S. Iwasaki and K Ouchi, “Co-Cr Recording Films with Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy,”IEEE Trans. Mag., 17, 849–851 (1978). (Equi Diagram; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. L. Kaufman and H. Nesor, “Coupled Phase Diagrams and Thermochemical Data for Transition Metal Binary Systems-I,”Calphad, 2, 55–80 (1978). (Thermo; Theory)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Driole, C. Allibert, and E. Bonnier, “Eletromagnetic Induction: A Method for the Study of Phase Equilibrium Diagrams,”Metall, 33, 471–474 (1979) in German. (Equi Diagram; Experimental; #)

    Google Scholar 

  36. P.J. Spencer, “Calculation of Phase Diagrams for Alloy Systems Showing Sigma-Phase Formation,”Calculation of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry of Alloy Phases, TMS-AIME, Warrendale, PA, 4–25 (1979). (Thermo; Review)

    Google Scholar 

  37. LE Gregory and D.E. Moody, “Low Temperature Specific Heat and Magnetization of Some Cobalt Based Alloys,”J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 15-18, 281–282 (1980). (Thermo; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. R. Kuentzler and D.E. Moody, “Low Temperature Specific Heat of Dilute Chromium-Cobalt Alloys,”J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 15-18, 279–280 (1980). (Thermo; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. G. Inden, “The Role of Magnetism in the Calculation of Phase Diagrams,”Physica, 103B, 82–100 (1981). (Thermo; Theory)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Z. Jin, “A Study of the Range of Stability of σ Phase in Some Ternary Systems,”Scand. J. Metall., 10, 279–287 (1981). (Equi Diagram; Experimental)

    Google Scholar 

  41. M. Hasebe, K. Oikawa, and T. Nishizawa, “Computer Calculation of Phase Diagrams of Co-Cr and Co-Mn Systems,”J. Jpn. Inst Met., 46, 577–583 (1982) in Japanese. (Equi Diagram, Thermo; Experimental; #)

    Google Scholar 

  42. T. Chen, G.B. Charlan, and T. Yamashita, “A Comparison of the Uniaxial Anisotropy in Sputtered Co-Re and Cr-Cr Perpendicular Recording Media,”J. Appl. Phys., 54, 5103–5111 (1983). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. DJB. Downie and F. Arslan, “Enthalpies of Formation of (Cobalt + Chromium) Alloys at 473 K,”J. Chem. Thermodyn., 15, 645–649 (1983). (Thermo; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. J.F. Martin and D.B. Downie, “Heat Capacitiesof Transition-Metal Alloys—1. Sigma-Phase Alloy Co0.435 Cr0.565,”J. Chem. Thermodyn., 15, 691–699 (1983). (Crys Structure, Thermo, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. T. Nishizawa and K. Ishida, “The Co (Cobalt) System,”Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, 4, 387–390 (1983). (Equi Diagram, Crys Structure, Magnetism; Compilation)

    Google Scholar 

  46. T. Nishizawa, S.M. Hao, M. Hasebe, and K. Ishida, “Thermodynamic Analysis of Miscibility Gap Due to Ordering in Ternary Systems,”Acta Metall., 31, 1403–1416 (1983). (Thermo; Theory)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. R. Walmsley, J. Thompson, D. Friedman, R.M. White, and T.H. Geballe, “Compositional Modulated Co-Cr Films—ANew Co Phase,”IEEE Trans. Mag., 19, 1992–1994 (1983). (Meta Phases, Crys Structure, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. J.N. Pratt and I.P. Jones, “A Pair-Wise Interaction Model of the Sigma Phase. I—Thermodynamic Properties,”Calphad, 8, 75–91 (1984). (Crys Structure, Thermo; Theory)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. J.W Smits, S.B. Luitjens, and F.J.A. den Broeder, “Evidence for Microstructural Inhomogeneity in Sputtered Co-Cr Thin Films,”J. Appl. Phys., 55, 2260–2262 (1984). (Equi Diagram, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. J. Anderson, “The Thermodynamic Properties of Chromium,”Int. J. Thermophys., 6, 411–423 (1985). (Thermo; Review)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. C. Leu, G. Chen, J.M. Sivertsen, and J.H. Judy, “Epitaxial Growth of Co-Cr Films and Their Characterization,”J. Appl. Phys., 57, 4003–4005 (1985). (Meta Phases, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. J.N. Chapman, I.R. McFadyen, and J.P.C. Bernards, “Investigation of Cr Segregation within rf-Sputtered CoCr Films,”J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 62, 359–366 (1986). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. Y. Maeda, M. Asahi, and M. Seki, “TEM Observation of Segregated Microstructure in Sputtered Co-Cr Films,”Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 25, L668–670 (1986). (Equi Diagram, Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. A.K. Jhingan, “Elemental Segregation and Mechanism of Sputteringin RF-Sputtered Co-Cr Films,”J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 54-57, 1685–1686 (1986). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. F.T. Parker, “Mössbauer Effect of Dilute Fein Sputtered Co-Cr Films,”J. Appl. Phys., 60, 2498–2501 (1986). (Magnetism; Experimental)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. M. Venkatraman and J.P. Neumann, “The Be-Cr (Beryllium-Chromium) System,”Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, 7(1), 15–18 (1986). (Equi Diagram; Review)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Work was supported by the Japanese Committee for Alloy Phase Diagrams. Part of the literature search was provided by ASM International. Literature searched through 1986

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ishida, K., Nishizawa, T. The Co-Cr (Cobalt-Chromium) system. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 11, 357–370 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02843315

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02843315

Keywords

Navigation