Abstract
The growth and the production of extracellular and intracellular lipases were measured fromNocardia asteroides grown under different cultural conditions. Maximal growth and intracellular and extracellular activities were observed at 3 d after inoculation. Among the tested media, synthetic medium induced maximal growth and extracellular activity, whereas tryptic soy broth induced the maximal intracellular lipase activity. The best carbon and nitrogen sources for growth and lipolytic activity were glucose, fructose, glutamate and nitrate, respectively. The optimal C∶N ratio for growth was in the range of 1∶4 to 2∶3 and for lipase activity the range was 2∶3 to 3∶2. Anything above or below this range was detrimental to the organism and its enzyme activity. Under the conditions of this study,N. asteroides grew best and had the highest lipase activity when compared toN. brasiliensis andN. caviae.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blumer S.O., Kaufman L.: Micro immunodiffusion test for nocardiosis.J. Clin. Microbiol.10, 309–312 (1979).
Bojalil L.F., Cerbon J.: Schema for differentiation ofNocardia asteroides andNocardia brasiliensis.J. Bacteriol.78, 852–857 (1959).
Gemmell C.G.: Exo-proteins of coagulase-negative staphylococci as possible virulence factors.Zbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. Abt. 116, 93–102 (1987).
Gordon R.E., Bojalil L.F.: Morphological variant derived from Bojalil's strain N-114.J. Gen. Microbiol.27, 1–10 (1962).
Gordon R.E., Mihm J.M.: A comparison ofNocardia asteroides andNocardia brasiliensis.J. Gen. Microbiol.20, 129–135 (1959).
Harder W., Dijkhuizen L., Veldkamp H.:The Microbe (D.P. Kelly, N.G. Carr, Eds), pp. 51–95. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1984.
Harwood I.: The versatility of lipases for industrial uses.TIBS14, 125–126 (1989).
Hegedus D., Khachatourians G.: Production of an extracellular lipase byBeauveria bassiana.Biotechnol. Lett.10, 637–642 (1988).
Humphrey D.W., Crowder J.G., White A.: Serological reactions to nocardial antigens.Amer. J. Med. Sci.269, 323–326 (1975).
Ingham E., Holland K., Gowland G., Cunliffe W.: Partial purification and characterization of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) fromPropionibacterium acnes.J. Gen. Microbiol.124, 393–401 (1981).
Iwai M., Tsujisaka Y.: Fungal lipase, pp. 443–469 in B. Borgstrom, H.L. Brockman (Eds):Lipases. Elsevier, New York 1984.
Jayaraman S., Gunasekaran M.: Influence of solvent treatment of alkaline peat extracts on the growth and the enzyme activities ofBacillus subtilis.Resources, Conservation and Recycling4, 297–304 (1990).
Jayaraman S., Gunasekaran M.: Use of a synthetic polymer (Pluronic F-127) as an agar substitute in culture medium to detect and measure microbial enzyme production.Biotech. Techniques5, 483–484 (1991).
Jayaraman S., Bennett R.B., Gunasekaran M.: Influence of nutritional factors on growth and the hydrolytic enzyme production inNocardia asteroides.Microbios70, 151–161 (1992).
Kosir J.M., Macpherson J.M., Khachatourians G.G.: Genomic analysis of a virulent and a less virulent strain of the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassiana, using restriction fragment length polymorphisms.Can. J. Microbiol.37, 534–541 (1991).
Kwon-Chung K.J., Lehman D., Good G., Magee P.T.: Genetic evidence for role of extracellular proteinase in virulence ofCandida albicans.Infect. Immun.49, 571–575 (1985).
Lambe D.W., Ferguson K.P., Keplinger J.L., Gemmell C.G.: Pathogenicity ofStaphylococcus lugdunesis andStaphylococcus schleiferi, and three other coagulase-negative staphylococci in a mouse model and possible virulence factors.Can. J. Microbiol.36, 455–463 (1990).
McClung N.M.: The utilization of carbon compounds byNocardia species.J. Bacteriol.68, 231–236 (1954).
Mei B., Jiao R.: Purification and properties of glutamate synthase fromNocardia mediterranei.J. Bacteriol.170, 1940–1944 (1988).
Muraoka T., Ando T., Okuda H.: Purification and properties of a novel lipase fromStaphylococcus aureus 22266.J. Biochem.92, 1933–1939 (1982).
Seddon S.V., Hemingway I., Borriello S.P.: Hydrolytic enzyme production byClostridium difficile and its relationship to toxin production and virulence in the hamster model.J. Med. Microbiol.31, 169–174 (1990).
Sztajer H., Maliszewska I.: The effect of culture conditions on lipolytic productivity of microorganisms.Biotechnol. Lett.10, 199–204 (1988).
Sztajer H., Lunsdorf H., Erdmann H., Menge U., Schmid R.: Purification and properties of lipase fromPenicillium simplicissimum.Biochim. Biophys. Acta1124, 253–261 (1992).
Tan K.H., Gill C.O.: Effect of cultural conditions on batch growth ofSaccharomycopsis lipolytica on olive oil.Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.20, 201–206 (1984).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nesbit, E.A., Gunasekaran, M. Influence of cultural conditions on growth and lipolytic activity inNocardia asteroides . Folia Microbiol 38, 451–455 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02814394
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02814394