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Effect of zinc on superoxide-dependent hydroxyl radical production in vitro

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Abstract

Trace elements play an important role in oxygen metabolism and therefore in the formation of free radicals. Whereas iron and copper are usually the main enhancers of free radical formation, other trace elements, such as zinc and selenium, protect against the harmful effects of these radicals.

To investigate the different protective mechanisms of zinc on radical formation, we examined the effects of added zinc and copper on superoxide dismutase activity. We also studied the effects of copper and iron on xanthine oxidase activity and on the Haber-Weiss cycle (iron, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide), which generates hydroxyl radicals in vitro. The hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase radical generating system contained a variety of different physiological ligands for binding the iron.

This study confirmed the inhibitory effect of copper on xanthine oxidase activity. Moreover, it demonstrated that zinc inhibited hydroxyl radical formation when this formation was catalyzed by a citrate-iron complex in the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction. Finally, human blood plasma inhibited citrate-iron-dependent hydroxyl radical formation under the same conditions. Although trace elements seemed responsible for this antioxidant activity of plasma, it is likely that zinc played no role as a plasma antioxidant. Indeed, calcium appeared to be responsible for most of this effect under our experimental conditions.

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Abbreviations

ADP:

Adenosine diphosphate

EDTA:

Ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt

HX:

Hypoxanthine sodium salt

KMB:

2-Keto-4-thiomethyl butyric acid

oOH:

Hydroxyl radical

SOD:

Native superoxide dismutase

SODCu2E2:

Zinc-depleted superoxide dismutase

SODE2E2:

Zinc- and copper-depleted superoxide dismutase

TRIS:

Tris(hydroxyethyl)aminomethane

XO:

Xanthine oxidase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biochimie C, Centre Hospitalier Régional de Grenoble, BP 217 X, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France

    C. Coudray & A. Favier

  2. Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Université Joseph Fourier Domaine de la Merci, 38700, La Tronche, France

    S. Rachidi

Authors
  1. C. Coudray
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  2. S. Rachidi
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  3. A. Favier
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Coudray, C., Rachidi, S. & Favier, A. Effect of zinc on superoxide-dependent hydroxyl radical production in vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res 38, 273–287 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02785311

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02785311

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