Skip to main content
Log in

Current concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of portal hypertension and variceal hemorrhage

  • Esophageal Bleeding
  • Published:
Gastroenterologia Japonica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Vorobioff J, Bredfeldt JE, Groszmann RJ: Increased blood flow through the portal system in cirrhotic rats. Gastroenterology 1984;87:1120

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Rikkers LF: New concepts of pathophysiology and treatment of portal hypertension. Surgery 1990;107:481

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Benoit JN, Barrowman JA, Harper SL, et al: Role of glucagon in splanchnic hyperemia of chronic portal hypertension. Am J Physiol 1986;251:G674

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Sherwin R, Joshi P, Hendler, R et al: Hyperglucagonemia in Laennec’s cirrhosis-the role of portal-systemic shunting. N Engl J Med 1974;290:239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kiel JW, Pitts V, Benoit JN, et al: Reduced vascular sensitivity to norepinephrine in portal-hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol 1985;248:G192

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sitzmann JV, Li SS, Pin PW: Prostacyclin mediates splanchnic vascular response to norepinephrine in portal hypertension. J Surg Res 1989;47:208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Lebrec D: Current status and future goals of the pharmacologic reduction of portal hypertension. Am J Surg 1990;160:19

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Burroughs AK, Jenkins WJ, Sherlock S, et al: Controlled trial of propranolol for prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1983;309:1539

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Villeneuve JP, Pomier-Layragues G, Infant-Rivard C, et al: Propranolol for the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage: a controlled trial. Hcpatology 1986:6:1239

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Pascal JP, Cales P: Propranolol in the prevention of first upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices. A Multicenter Study Group. N Engl J Med 1987:317:856

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Moreau R, Lee SS, Hadenguc A, et al: Hemodynamic effects of a clonidine-induced decrease in sympathetic tone in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 1987;7:149

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Cummings SA, Groszmann RJ, Kaumann AJ: Hypersensitivity of mesenteric veins to 5-hydroxytryptamine and kantserin-induced reduction of portal hypertension in portal hypertensive rats. Br J Pharmacol 1986;89:501

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Vorobioff J, Garcia-Tsao G, Groszmann R, et al: Long-term hemodynamic effects of kantserin, a 5-hydroxytryptamine blocker, in portal hypertensive patients. Hepatology 1989;9:88

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hadengue A, Moreau R, Cerini R, et al: Combination of kantserin and verapamil or propranolol in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Hepatology 1989:9:183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Resnick RH, Iber FL, Ishihara AM, et al: A controlled trial of the therapeutic portacaval shunt (Boston InterHospital Liver Group). Gastroenterology 1974:67:843

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Reynolds TB, Donovan AJ, Mikkelsen WP, et al: Results of a 12-year randomized trial of portacaval shunt in patients with alcoholic liver disease and bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 1981;80:1005

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Warren WD, Zeppa R, Fomon JJ: Selective trans-splenic decompression of gastroesophageal varices by distal splenorenal shunt. Ann Surg 1967;166:437

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Rikkers LF: Is the distal splenorenal shunt better? Hepatology 1988;8:1705

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Warren WD, Millikan WJ, Henderson JM, et al: Splenopancreatic disconnection: Improved selectivity of the distal splenorenal shunt. Ann Surg 1986;204:346

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Henderson JM, Warren WD, Millikan WJ, et al: Distal splenorenal shunt with splenopancreatic disconnection: a four-year assesment. Ann Surg 1989:210:332

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Johansen K: Partial portal decompression for variceal hemorrhage. Am J Surg 1989;157:479

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sarfeh IJ, Rypins EB, Conroy RM, et al: Portacaval H-Graft: Relationships of shunt diameter, portal flow patterns and encephalopathy. Ann Surg 1983;197:442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Johnson A, Rogers H: A review of 15-tears’s experience in the use of sclerotherapy in the control of acute hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Br J Surg 1973;60:797

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Clark A, Mithchell K: Prospective, controlled, clinical trial of injection sclerotherapy in cirrhotic patients with recent variceal hemorrhage. Lancet 1980:2:252

    Google Scholar 

  25. McDougall BRD, Westaby D: Increased long-term survival in variceal hemorrhage using injection sclerotherapy. Lancet 1981:1:124

    Google Scholar 

  26. Teres J, Baroni R, Bordas JM, et al: Randomized trial of portacaval shunt, stapling transection and endoscopie sclerotherapy in uncontrolled variceal bleeding. J Hepatol 1987;4:159

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Warren WD, Henderson JM, Millikan WJ, et al: Distal splenorenal shunt versus endoscopic sclertotherapy for long-term management of variceal bleeding; preliminary report of a prospective, randomized trial. Ann Surg 1986;203:545

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Rikkers LF, Burnett DF, Volentine DG, et al: Shunt surgery vs endoscopie sclerotherapy for long-term treatment of variceal bleeding. Ann Surg 1987;206:261

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Cello JP, Grendell JH, Crass RA, et al: Endoscopie sclerotherapy vs portacaval shunt in patients with severe cirrhosis and acute variceal hemorrhage: long-term follow-up. N Engl J Mcd 1987;316-11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Bismuth H, Adam R, Surendra M, et al: Options for elective treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients in the transplantation era. Am J Surg 1990:160:105

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Iwatsuki S, Starzl TE, Todo S, et al: Liver transplantation in the treatment of bleeding esophagcal varices. Surgery 1988:104: 697

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Millikan WJ, Henderson JM, Stewart MT, et al: Change in hepatic function, hemodynamics and morphology after liver trans plantation. Ann Surg 1989;209:513

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Mazzaferro V, Todo S, Tzakis AG, et al: Liver transplantaion in patients with previous portasystemic shunt. Am J Surg 1990:160; 111

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Eckhauser, F.E., Raper, S.E., Mulholland, M.W. et al. Current concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of portal hypertension and variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterol Jpn 26 (Suppl 3), 1–8 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02779252

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02779252

Keywords

Navigation