Conclusion
The search for a link between cellular and molecular events involved in delayed-type CHS reactions and the early molecular activation of xenobiotics is a new field of research. It should largely contribute to the debate on the best way forward for predictive toxicology in general.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hauser, C. and Saurat, J. H. (1994), inIn Vitro Toxicology, Rougier, A., Goldberg, A. M., and Maibach, H. I., eds., Mary ann Liebert, New York, pp. 255–262.
Czernielewski, J. M. (1994), inIn Vitro Toxicology, Rougier, A., Goldberg, A. M., and Maibach, H. I., eds., Mary Ann Liebert, New York, pp. 263–270.
Enk, A. H. and Katz, S. I. (1992),Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 1398–1402.
Romagnoli, P., Labhardt, A. M., and Sinigaglia, F. (1991),EMBO J. 10, 1303–1306.
von Bonin, A., Ortmann, B., Martin, S., and Weltzien, H. U. (1992),Int. Immunol. 4, 869–874.
Forsbeck, M., Skog, E., and Ytterborn, K. H. (1968).Acta Derm. Venereol. 48, 192.
Menné, T. and Holm, N. (1983),Int. J. Dermatol. 22, 22.
Menné, T. and Holm, N. (1983),Contact Dermatitis 9, 289.
Schaefer, H. and Filaquier, C. (1991),Pathol. Biol. 40, 196–204.
Martin, R. J., Denyer, S. P., and Hadgraft, J. (1987),Int. J. Pharm. 39, 23–32.
Kao, J. and Carver, M. P. (1990),Drug Metabol. Rev. 22, 363–410.
Khan, W. A., Park, S. S., Gelboin, H. V., Bickers, D. R., and Mukhtar, H. (1989),J. Invest. Dermatol. 93, 40–45.
Pendlington, R. U., Williams, D. L., Naik, J. T., and Sharma, R. K. (1994),Toxic. In Vitro 8, 525–527.
Jugert, F. K., Agarwal, R., Kuhn, A., Bickers, D. R., Merk, H. F., and Mukhtar, H. (1994),J. Invest. Dermatol. 102, 970–975.
Pham, M. A., Magdalou, J., Totis, M., Fournel-Gigleux, S., Siest, G., and Hammock, B. D. (1989),Biochem. Pharmacol. 38, 2187–2194.
Sutter, T. R., Tang, Y. M., Hayes, C. L., Wo, Y. Y. P., Jabs, E. W., Li, X., Yin, H., Cody, C. W., and Greenlee, W. F. (1994),J. Biol. Chem. 269, 13,092–13,099.
Schmidt, R. J., Chung, L. Y., and Hadgraft, J. (1993),Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration 3B, 670–678.
Barratt, M. D. and Basketter, D. A. (1992),Contact Dermatitis 27, 98–104.
Scholes, E. W., Pendlington, R. U., Sharma, R. K., and Basketter, D. A. (1994),Toxic. in Vitro 8, 551–553.
Venkatesh, K., Levi, P. E., Inman, A. O., Monteiro-Riviere, N. A., Misra, R., and Hodgson, E. P. (1992),Pesticide Biochem and Physiol. 43, 53–66.
Schmidt, R. J., and Chung, L. Y. (1993),Xenobiotica 23, 889–897.
Kimber, I., Mitchell, J. A., and Griffin, A. C. (1986),Fd Chem. Toxic. 24, 585.
Betso, J. E., Carreon, R. E., and Miner, V. M. (1991),Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 108, 483–488.
Fraginals, R., Roberts, D., Lepoittevin, J. P., and Benezra, C. (1991),Arch. Dermatol. Res. 283, 387–394.
Benezra, C., Sigman, C. C., Perry, L. R., Helmes, T. C., and Maibach, H. I. (1985),J. Invest. Dermatol. 85, 351–356.
Barratt, M. D. and Basketter, D. A. (1994), inIn Vitro Toxicology, Rougier, A., Goldberg, A. M., and Maibach, H. I., eds., Mary Ann Liebert, New York, pp. 293–302.
Hauser, C. and Katz, S. I. (1988),Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 5625–5628.
Hauser, C. and Katz, S. I. (1990),Immunol. Rev. 117, 67–84.
Heufler, C., Topar, G., Grasseger, A., Stanzl, U., Koch, F., Romani, N., and Schuler, G. (1993),J. Exp. Med. 178, 1109–1114.
Ades, E. W., Candal, F. J., Swerlick, R. A., George, V. G., Summers, S., Bosse, D. C. and Lawley, T. J. (1992),J. Invest. Dermatol. 99, 683–690.
Renaud, J. P., Peyronneau, M. A., Urban, P., Truan, G., Cullin, C., Pompon, D., Beaune, P., and Mansuy, D. (1993),Toxicology 82, 39–52.
Moulon, C., Peguet-Navarro, J., Courtellemont, P., Redziniak, G., and Schmitt, D. (1993),Immunology 80, 373–379.
Gocinski, B. L. and Tigelaar, R. E. (1990),J. Immunol. 144, 4121–4128.
Kalish, R. S. (1990),J. Invest. Dermatol. 90, 108S-111S.
Bour, H., Nicolas, J. F., Garrigue, J. L., Demidem, J. L., and Schmitt, D. (1994),Clin. Immunol. Immunonopathol. 73, 142–145.
Ptak, W., Herzog, W. R., and Askenase, P. W. (1991),J. Immunol. 146, 469–475.
Wirth, S., Saurat, J. H., and Hauser, C. (1994),J. Invest. Dermatol. 103, 420 (abstract).
Roguet, R., Cotovio, J., Kremers, P., Rougier, A., Pouradier-Duteil, X., and Leclaire, J. (1995),In Vitro Toxicol. 8, 97–104.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Garrigue, JL., Catroux, P. & Leclaire, J. Predictive molecular and genetic toxicology. Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol 13, 189–200 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02771760
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02771760