Abstract
The pupal parasitoidBrachymeria intermedia (Nees) was reared from the egg to adult stage on artificial media based on commercial meat homogenates for babies (Plasmon®), either with or devoid of host components. Six media containing 80% homogenate and 20% extract ofGalleria mellonella L. pupae were tested first. Two types of homogenates, intended for babies at the beginning of weaning (a) and well on in weaning (b), were utilized. Media were based on beef, veal and chicken meat, 3 on a-homogenates and 3 on b-homogenates. A significantly higher percentage of parasitoids developed as mature larvae on the a- than on the b-homogenate based diets. This was presumably related to the higher protein, carbohydrate, lipid and calorie level of the a- than of the b- homogenates. Diet veal-a produced the best mean adult yield (27.4%). Other two diets based on the veal-a homogenate were then tested. The first, composed of 80% homogenate, 10% host pupal extract, 7% chicken egg yolk, 1.5% yeast extract and 1.5% wheat germ, produced a mean adult yield of 66.7%, similar to that obtained inG. mellonella pupae. On the second medium, devoid of host components and containing 85% veal-a homogenate, 10% chicken egg yolk, 2.5% wheat germ and 2.5% yeast extract, the mean adult yield was 22.5%. In all media, the adults obtained were viable and fecund.
Résumé
Le parasitoïde nymphalBrachymeria intermedia (Nees) a été élevé, de l’œuf au stade adulte, sur des milieux artificiels à base de viandes homogénéisées pour bébés, vendues dans le commerce (Plasmon®), à la fois avec ou sans matériel dérivant de l’hôte. Six milieux contenant 80% d’homogénat et 20 % d’extrait de chrysalides deGalleria mellonella L. ont d’abord été testés. Deux types d’homogénats destinés respectivement à des bébés en début de sevrage (a) et en phase de sevrage avancé (b) ont été utilisés. Pour chaque type d’homogénat, trois sortes de viande ont été testées: boeuf, veau et poulet. Les milieux à base d’homogénats de type « a » ont été plus efficaces que ceux à base d’homogénats de type « b » en ce qui concerne les pourcentages de larves en fin de développement obtenus. Cela est probablement dû au fait que les homogénats de type « a » ont une teneur plus élevée en protéines, carbohydrates, lipides et calories. Le pourcentage d’adultes le plus élevé (27,4%) a été obtenu avec le milieu à base d’homogénat de veau de type « a ». Deux milieux à base d’homogénat de veau de type « a » ont ensuite été testés. Sur le premier, contenant 80% d’homogénat, 10% d’extrait de chrysalides deG. mellonella, 75% de jaune d’oeuf, 1,5% de levure et 1,5% de germes de blé, le rendement moyen en adultes a été de 66,7%, semblable au rendement obtenu sur des chrysalides deG. mellonella. Le deuxième milieu, dépourvu de matériel dérivant de l’hôte, contenait 85% d’homogénat, 10% de jaune d’oeuf, 2,5% de germes de blé et 2,5% de levure. Le rendement obtenu sur ce milieu a été de 22,5%. Sur tous les milieux les adultes obtenus étaient viables et féconds.
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Dindo, M.L., Sama, C., Fanti, P. et al. In vitro rearing of the pupal parasitoidBrachymeria intermedia (Hym.: Chalcididae) on artificial diets with and without host components. BioControl 42, 445–453 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769838
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769838