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Classical biological control ofaleurocanthus spiniferus (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), on citrus in Southern Africa

Lutte biologique classique contreAleurocanthus spiniferus (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), sur Citrus en Afrique du Sud

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Abstract

The spiny blackfly,Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance), is a citrus pest in parts of Mpumalanga, South Africa, and in Swaziland. The leaves, fruit and branches of infested trees are usually covered with sooty mould and a reduction in tree vigour and production is experienced.

Classical biological control ofA. spiniferus by the parasitoid,Encarsia cf.Smithi (Silvestri) (Hym.: Aphelinidae) is reported with a significant reduction in numbers ofA. spiniferus. The parasitoid dispersed successfully from isolated trees growing in home gardens andA. spiniferus was virtually eliminated up to 0,8 km from the nearest point of release within 10 months. A mean of 72.9% parasitism was reached. In 8 months,E. cf.smithi statistically reduced theA. spiniferus in parts of a commercial orchard where it was released, reaching 82.4% parasitism.

Résumé

Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance) est un ravageur des citrus dans une partie du Mpumalanga (Afrique du Sud) et dans le Swaziland. Les feuilles, les fruits et les branches des arbres infestés sont en général couverts de miellat et on observe une diminution de la vigueur des arbres.

Une lutte biologique classique contreA. spiniferus à l’aide du parasitoideEncarsia cf.smithi (Silvestri) (Hym.: Aphelinidae) a été réalisée et a abouti à une diminution significative des effectifs du ravageur. Le parasitoïde s’est dispersé avec succès à partir d’arbres isolés plantés dans des jardins etA. spiniferus a été pratiquement éliminé jusqu’à 0,8 km du point de lâcher le plus proche au réduit de 10 mois. Le parasitisme a atteint 72,9% en moyenne. En 8 mois,E. cf.smithi a réduit significativement les populations d’A. spiniferus dans un verger commercial où il avait été lâché, atteignant 82,4% de parasitisme.

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van den Berg, M.A., Greenland, J. Classical biological control ofaleurocanthus spiniferus (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), on citrus in Southern Africa. BioControl 42, 459–465 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769805

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