Skip to main content
Log in

Structural analysis of motion pictures as a symbol system

  • Articles
  • Published:
AV communication review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  • Alpert, H.The dreams and the dreamers. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnheim, R.Film. London: Faber and Faber, 1933.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belàzs, B.Theory of the film. New York: Roy, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruner, J. S. The course of cognitive growth.American Psychologist, 1964,19, 1–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, J. B.Language and thought. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deese, J.The structure of associations in language and thought. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenstein, S. Montage in 1938 (1939). In hisNotes of a film director. Moscow, U.S.S.R.: Foreign Language Publishing House, n.d.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenstein, S. A dialectic approach to film form (1929). In hisFilm form. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1949. (Meridan Books Edition, 1957.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenstein, S. (director).Battleship Potemkin (a film). Available for rental from Museum of Modern Art Film Library, New York, 1925.

  • Fries, C. C.The Structure of English. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gleason, H. A., Jr.An introduction to descriptive linguistics. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  • Godard, J. L. (director).A bout de souffle (Breathless) (a film). Available for rental from Brandon Films, New York, 1959.

  • Gregory, J. R. Some psychological aspects of motion picture montage. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois, 1961.

  • Heider, F.The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: John Wiley, 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heider, F. & Simmel, M. An experimental study of apparent behavior.American Journal of Psychology, 1944,57, 243–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J. P.The science of language. New York: Random House, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  • Journal of the University Film Producers Association. 16mm terms used in production of non-theatrical films, 1960,12, 1–34.

  • Judson, A. J. & Cofer, C. N. Reasoning as an associative process: 1. ‘Direction’ in simple verbal problems.Psychological Reports, 1956,2, 469–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knowlton, J. Q. A conceptual scheme for the audiovisual field.Bulletin of the School of Education, Indiana University, 1964,40, 1–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kracauer, S.Theory of film. New York: Oxford University Press, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S. K.Philosophy in a new key. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1942.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, J. H.Film: The creative process. New York: Hill and Wang, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumsdaine, A. A. Instruments and media of instruction. In N.L. Gage (Ed.),Handbook of research on teaching. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1963. Pp. 583–682.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mercer, J. The relationship of optical effects and film literacy to learning from instructional films. Technical Report SDC 269-7-34. Port Washington, N.Y.: Navy Special Devices Center, 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Münsterberg, H.The photoplay, a psychological study. New York: Appleton, 1916.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osgood, C. A., Suci, G. A., & Tannenbaum, P. H.The measurement of meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  • Panofsky, E. Style and medium in the motion pictures. In D. Talbot (Ed.),Film: An anthology. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1959. Pp. 15–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perron, C. (director).Caroline (a film). Available for rental from Contemporary Films, New York, Chicago, San Francisco, 1964.

  • Pryluck, C. & Snow, R. E. Toward a psycholinguistics of cinema.AV Communication Review, 1967,15, 54–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pudovkin, V. I. Introduction to the German edition, (1928). In hisFilm Technique. London: G. Newnes, 1933. (Evergreen Original Edition, 1958.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pudovkin, V. I. Types instead of actors (1932). In hisFilm technique. London: G. Newnes, 1933. (Evergreen Original Edition; 1958.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Reisz, K.The techniques of film editing. New York: Visual Arts Books, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose, E. D. Attitude as a function of discrepancy resolution in multiple channel communication. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Stanford University, 1964.

  • Roshal, S. M. The instructional film. In G. Finch (Ed.),Educational and training media: A symposium. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences, National Research Publication 789, 1960. Pp. 114–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothkopf, E. Z. Some theoretical and experimental approaches to problems in written instruction. In J. D. Krumboltz (Ed.),Learning and the educational process. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1965. Pp. 193–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruesch, J. & Kees, W.Nonverbal communication. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sebeok, T. A. Coding in the evolution of signalling behavior.Behavioral Science, 1962, 7, 430–442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shoemaker, D. H. An analysis of the effects of three vertical camera angles and three lighting ratios on the connotative judgment of photographs of three human models. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, 1964.

  • Spottiswoode, R.A grammar of the film. London: Faber and Faber, 1935.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tannenbaum, P. H. & Fosdick, J. A. The effect of lighting angle on the judgment of photographed subjects.AV Communication Review, 1960,8, 253–262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Travers, R. M. W. (Ed.)Research and theory related to audiovisual information transmission. Salt Lake City: University of Utah, Bureau of Educational Research, Interim Report, USOE Contract No. 3-20-003, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Worth, S. Film as a non-art.American Scholar, 1966,35, 322–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Worth, S. Cognitive aspects of sequence in visual communication. Paper prepared for presentation at conference, Prospects and Problems in Psychology of Knowledge: On Cognitive Interaction, held at the Annenberg School of Communications, University of Pennsylvania, April 18–22,1965.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The research reported herein was performed pursuant to a grant with the Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Contractors undertaking such projects under Government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their professional judgment in the conduct of the project. Points of view or opinions stated do not, therefore, necessarily represent Office of Education position or policy.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pryluck, C. Structural analysis of motion pictures as a symbol system. AVCR 16, 372–402 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769073

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769073

Keywords

Navigation