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Mechanism of skull formation in hot-metal-car ladles

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References

  1. M. N. Kurbatskii, G. P. Lezhnev, A. V. Kartashov, et al., “Analysis of the reasons for skull formation in hot-metalcar ladles,” Metallurg, No. 9, 15–17 (1981).

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  2. V. A. Chudinov, M. N. Kurbatskii, V. A. Gostenin, et al., “Change in the properties of pig iron and slag during transport,” Ibid., No. 9, 20–21 (1986).

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  3. A. F. Zakharov, G. E. Ovchinnikov, B. L. Lazarev, et al., Smelting Vanadium Cast Iron from Titanomagnetite Ores of the Urals. TsNTI, Series 4, Pig-Iron Smelting, No. 1 (1975).

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Magnitogorsk Mining-Metallurgical Academy (MGMA) and the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine (MMK). Translated from Metallurg, No. 12, p. 13, December, 1997.

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Kurbatskii, M.N., Vdovin, K.N., Terent'ev, V.L. et al. Mechanism of skull formation in hot-metal-car ladles. Metallurgist 41, 382–383 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02768848

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