Abstract
Head Start preschoolers on an isolated Papago reservation in southern Arizona were subjects of two studies of the effects of televised instruction and directed participation on teaching enumeration and conservation skills. Television instruction was most effective when used with active, directed participation and corrective feedback, but this, as well as amount and skills learned, varied with age. The televised segments used linear sequencing rather than the fragmented approach of Sesame Street.
Similar content being viewed by others
Reference Notes
Comstock, G. Research and the constructive aspects of television in children’s lives: A forecast. In R. D. Hess (Chair),Perspectives on the influence of television on the development of children. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, 1976.
Henderson, R. W., Zimmerman, B. J., Swanson, R., & Bergan, J. R.Televised cognitive skill instruction for Papago Native American children (Technical report on Grant No. OCD-CB-479 from the Office of Child Development, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare). Tucson: Arizona Center for Educational Research and Development, University of Arizona, July 1974.
Shannon, L.The use of strategy and its modification in the counting behavior of young children: A first step in the development of problem solving skills. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association convention, Washington, D.C., March 1975.
Henderson, R. W., & Swanson, R.The effects of televised instruction and an ancillary support system on the development of cognitive skills in Papago Native-American children (Technical report on Grant No. OCD-CB-479 from the Office of Child Development, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare). Tucson: Arizona Center for Educational Research and Development, University of Arizona, July 1975.
Swanson, R. A., & Henderson, R. W.Induction of an operational concept through televised modeling: Evidence and speculation on mediation processes. Manuscript submitted for publication, 1976.
References
Ball, S., & Bogatz, G. A.Summative research of Sesame Street: An evaluation. Princeton, N.J.: Educational Testing Service, 1970.
Bogatz, G. A., & Ball, S.The second year of Sesame Street: A continuing evaluation (Vols. 1 and 2). Princeton, N.J.: Educational Testing Service, November 1971.
Brainerd, C. J. Mathematical and behavioral foundations of number.Journal of General Psychology, 1973,88, 221–281. (a)
Brainerd, C. J. Neo Piagetian training experiments revisited: Is there any support for the cognitive-developmental stage hypothesis?Cognition, 1973,2, 349–370. (b)
Brainerd, C. J. The origins of number concepts.Scientific American, 1973,228(3), 101–109. (c)
Brainerd, C. J., &Heuvel, K. V. Development of geometric imagery in five-to eight-year-olds.Genetic Psychology Monographs, 1974,89, 89–143.
Comstock, G., & Lindsey, George.Television and human behavior: The research horizon, future and present. Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand Corporation, June 1975.
Donaldson, M., & Balfour, G. Less is more: A study of language comprehension in children.British Journal of Psychology, 1968,59(4), 461–471.
Figurelli, J. C., & Keller, H. R. The effects of training and socioeconomic class upon the acquisition of conservation concepts.Child Development, 1972,43, 293–298.
Flavell, J. H.The developmental psychology of Jean Piaget. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1963.
Goldschmid, M., & Bentler, P. M.Concept assessment kit: Conservation (Manual). San Diego: Educational and Industrial Testing Service, 1968.
Griffiths, J. A., Shantz, C. A., & Siegel, I. E. A methodological problem in conservation studies: The use of relational terms.Child Development, 1967,41, 205–213.
Halford, G. S., & Fullerton, T. J. A discrimination task which induces conservation of number.Child Development, 1970,41, 205–213.
Harasym, C. R., Boersma, F. J., & Maguire, T. O. Semantic differential analysis of relational terms used in conservation.Child Development, 1971,42, 767–779.
Henderson, R. W., Swanson, R., & Zimmerman, B. J. Inquiry response induction in preschool children through televised modeling.Developmental Psychology, 1975,11, 523–524. (a)
Henderson, R. W., Swanson, R., & Zimmerman, B. J. Training seriation responses in young children through televised modeling of hierarchically sequenced rule components.American Educational Research Journal, 1975,12, 479–489. (b)
La Pointe, K., &, O’Donnell, J. P. Number conservation in children below age six: Its relationship to age, perceptual dimensions, and language comprehension.Developmental Psychology, 1974,10, 422–428.
Leifer, A. D., Gordon, N. J., & Graves, S. B. Children’s television more than mere entertainment.Harvard Educational Review, 1974,44, 213–245.
Palermo, D. S. More about less: A study of language comprehension.Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1973,12, 211–221.
Palermo, D. S. Still more about the comprehension of“less.”Developmental Psychology, 1974,10, 827–829.
Piaget, J.The child’s conception of number. New York: Humanities Press, 1952.
Roll, S. Reversibility training and stimulus desirability as factors in conservation of number.Child Development, 1970,41, 501–507.
Siegel, L. Development of the concept of seriation.Developmental Psychology, 1972,6, 135–137.
Siegel, L. S., & Goldstein, A. G. Conservation of number in young children: Recency versus relational response strategies.Developmental Psychology, 1969,1, 128–130.
Stein, A. H., & Friedrich, L. K. Impact of television on children and youth. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.),Review of child development research (Vol. 5). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975.
Swanson, R.The relative influence of observation,activity, and feedback on the induction of seriation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, 1976.
Uprichard, A. E. An experimental study designed to determine the most efficient learning sequence of three set relations in the preschool years.Dissertation Abstracts, June 1969,30/12, 5304A.
Zimmerman, B. J., & Rosenthal, T. L. Conserving and retaining equalities and inequalities through observation and correction.Developmental Psychology, 1974,10, 260–268. (a)
Zimmerman, B. J., & Rosenthal, T. L. Observational learning of rule-governed behavior by children.Psychological Bulletin, 1974,81, 29–42. (b)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported in part by grant OCD-CB-479 from the Children’s Bureau, Office of Child Development, U.S. Office of Education. The authors appreciate the cooperation and participation of the Papago Tribe and the staffs of Head Start centers at San Xavier, Sells, and Pisinimo, Arizona. Special thanks are extended to Thora Schultz, who facilitated liaison on the Papago Reservation, and Margie Francisco, Elizabeth Siqueros, Edith Manuel, Pat Mendez, Elaine Williams, and Irma Dean Edmund, who contributed to instructional development and data collection.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Henderson, R.W., Swanson, R.A. Age and directed-participation variables influencing the effectiveness of televised instruction in concrete operational behaviors. ECTJ 26, 301–312 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02766366
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02766366