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Air- sea exchange of momentum, heat, and gases over the north sea: Theory, experiment, and research opportunities

Impuls-, WÄrme- und Gasaustausch zwischen wasser und luft in der nordsee: Theorie, Experiment und forschungsmöglichkeiten

  • Interaction with The Atmosphere
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Summary

The exchange of momentum, heat, and gaseous constituents between the atmosphere and a coastal sea depend on the drag induced by the surface wave field, resistance due to surfactants, transport dynamics associated with the internal boundary layer, chemical reactions which create a flux divergence, and turbulence and mixing associated with range variable stratification. These processes will be discussed in terms of range dependent flux modelling, existing data sets, and research opportunities. Highlighted will be deficiencies in our understanding concerning these processes, and quantifying the degree of uncertainty in flux estimates based on our current understanding of individual and collective process interactions. The presentation will be summarized by a set of recommendations for future research which lead to more accurate flux estimates in coastal regions of large spatial variability, such as the North Sea.

Zusammenfassung

Faktoren, die den Impuls-, WÄrme- und Gasaustausch zwischen KüstengewÄssern und der AtmosphÄre beeinflussen, sind u.a. die vom OberflÄchenwellenfeld erzeugte Schubspannung, der Widerstand aufgrund oberflÄchenaktiver Substanzen, transportdynamische Prozesse im Zusammenhang mit der inneren Grenzschicht, durch chemische Reaktionen hervorgerufene Strömungsdivergenzen, sowie Turbulenzen und MischungsvorgÄnge im Zusammenhang mit der Wassermassenschichtung. Diese Prozesse werden hinsichtlich der Flu\modellierung untersucht, unter Berücksichtigung vorhandener DatensÄtze und bestehender Forschungsmöglichkeiten. Es wird besonderes Augenmerk auf Lücken in unserem VerstÄndnis dieser Prozesse gerichtet, und Unsicherheiten in der SchÄtzung von Flüssen werden aufgrund vorhandener Kenntnisse über Proze\-Wechselwirkungen quantifiziert. Abschlie\end werden zukünftige Forschungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, die eine genauere SchÄtzung der Flüsse in Küstengebieten mit hoher rÄumlicher VariabilitÄt, wie z.B. der Nordsee, ermöglichen sollen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Environmental Research Institute, Postbox 358, DK-4000, Roskilde

    G. L. Geernaert

  2. Riso National Laboratory, Postbox 358, DK-4000, Roskilde

    L. L. S. Geernaert

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  1. G. L. Geernaert
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Geernaert, G.L., Geernaert, L.L.S. Air- sea exchange of momentum, heat, and gases over the north sea: Theory, experiment, and research opportunities. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 49, 119–132 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02764028

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