Abstract
Of 1,211 patients with urolithiasis treated at this institution over a nine years period, there were 77 (6.4%) pediatric cases. The commonest age group was 6–10 years (55.8%). Male: female ratio was 7.6∶1. Hindus consituted 72.7% of the patients There was no significant seasonal variation. The commonest site was urinary bladder (67.5%). The upper: lower urinary tract stone ratio was, 1∶2.85. Majority belonged to the lower-middle or poor income groups having a cereal based diet with minimal or poor protein intake.
The common constituents of stones were calcium (98.7%), oxalate (87%), phosphate (84.4%) and uric acid (76.6%). Of all these, uric acid had the richest concentration (grade of ++ or more) in 93.2%. Only 4 stones (5.2%) were “pure”: calcium oxalate-3 and calcium phosphate-1; whereas 73 (94.8%) were mixed stones. Of these, 9 (11.7%) were “predominent” mixed stones, with only one constituent having rich concentration (grade of ++ or more) and all others being either trace or +. The rest 64 (83.1%) were “heterogenous” mixed stones having rich concentration of more than one constitutent.
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Shah, A.M., Kalmunkar, S., Punekar, S.V. et al. Spectrum of pediatric urolithiasis in western India. Indian J Pediatr 58, 543–549 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02750939
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02750939