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A classical treatment of blackbody radiation

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Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965)

Summary

The author has shown that a charged classical harmonic oscillator, when placed, in a random electromagnetic field with energy spectrum 4πhv3/c3, reproduces many properties of the quantum-mechanical ground state. The work is now extended to the case where other mateiial bodies are present — that is surfaces where macroscopic boundary conditions are imposed. It is shown that, in the case of the radiation field between two conducting plates, the resemblance to quantum electrodynamics is maintained. The result is used to carry out an entirely classical calculation of the attraction between two parallel metal plates due to dispersion forces (Casimir effect). Considerable progress on problems of this type has been made by Lifshitz and co-workers, by using macroscopic boundary conditions in a quantum-mechanical calculation, but the exact status of such a hybrid approach has never been quite clear. The present calculation shows how the treatment may be made consistently classical, and there seems no reason why the method should not be extended to treat, for instance, the attraction between dielectric plates.

Riassunto

L’Autore ha dimostrato che un olassico osoillatore armenico earico, posto in un campo elettromagnetico casuale con spettro di energia 4πhv3/c3, riproduce molte proprietà dello stato fondamentale quanto-meccanico. Il lavoro si estende ora al caso in cui siano presenti altri corpi materiali — cio`e superflci sulle quali siano imposte condizioni al limite macroscopiche. Si dimostra che, nel oaso di un oampo di radiazione tra due lastre oonduttive, è conservata la somiglianza coll’elettrodinamica quantistica. Si usa il risultato per eseguire un calcolo strettamente classico dell’attrazione fra due lastre metalliche parallele dovuta alle forze di dispersione (efietto Casimir). Lifshitz e coll. hanno fatto notevoli progressi nella soluzione di problemi di questo tipo servendosi nell’esecuzione di calcoli neli’ambito della meceanica quantistica di condizioni al contorno macroscopiche, ma l’esatto significato di tale ibrido metodo di calcolo non è mai apparso molto chiaro. II calcolo che qui presentiamo mostra eome il trattamento si possa rendere coerentemente classico, e non appaiono esistere ragioni perche il metodo non possa essere esteso, per esempio, al trattamento deH’attrazione fra lastre dielettriche.

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Marshall, T.W. A classical treatment of blackbody radiation. Nuovo Cim 38, 206–215 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02750449

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02750449

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